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独自老去,聚在一起闲聊:老年人的谈话是社交的黏合剂。

Aging Alone, Gossiping Together: Older Adults' Talk as Social Glue.

机构信息

Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco.

出版信息

J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2019 Oct 4;74(8):1474-1482. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gby154.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

While older adults living alone face challenges to maintaining social ties, elders in urban areas also have unique opportunities for daily socializing that can buffer against loneliness.

METHOD

Drawing on 5 years of ethnographic fieldwork among elders in New York City, this study presents empirical insights into the development of supplementary neighborhood-based networks of support for older people living alone and vulnerable to isolation.

RESULTS

This study finds that elders who lived alone, without close kin, engaged in daily gossip about other older people they encountered as regulars in local eateries. Despite its negative reputation, gossip helped them connect and access less conventional social support close to home. The majority resisted formal organizations, such as churches or senior centers, and thus their interactions in public venues served as an important source of social involvement. In line with Gluckman's argument (1963), gossip betrayed emotional intimacy and caretaking that connected people who could have fallen off the social radar.

DISCUSSION

Higher rates of divorce and lifelong singlehood, coupled with increased longevity, will compel greater numbers of older adults to construct alternative support networks. My findings suggest that more will draw these connections from unconventional venues such as neighborhood public places.

摘要

目的

独居的老年人在维持社交关系方面面临挑战,但城市老年人也有独特的日常社交机会,可以缓解孤独感。

方法

本研究基于对纽约市老年人长达 5 年的民族志实地研究,深入了解了为独居且容易孤立的老年人发展补充邻里支持网络的情况。

结果

本研究发现,没有近亲的独居老年人经常在当地餐馆遇到其他老年人时闲聊,以此建立日常社交。尽管八卦名声不佳,但它帮助他们在家附近建立联系并获得非传统的社交支持。大多数人抵制教堂或老年人中心等正式组织,因此他们在公共场所有的互动是社交参与的重要来源。与格鲁克曼(Gluckman)的论点一致(1963),八卦揭示了情感亲密和照顾关系,将可能从社交雷达上消失的人联系在一起。

讨论

更高的离婚率和终身单身率,加上寿命的延长,将迫使更多的老年人构建替代支持网络。我的研究结果表明,更多的人将从邻里公共场所等非传统场所中建立这些联系。

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