Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
Applied Ecology and Phycology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, D-18059 Rostock, Germany; M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereschenkivska Str. 2, Kyiv 01004, Ukraine; Department of Botany, Functional Plant Biology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2019 Apr;133:236-255. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.018. Epub 2018 Dec 18.
Seven new species and two varieties of Klebsormidium were described using an integrative approach on the base of 28 strains from the poorly studied phylogenetic superclade G. These strains originated from the unusual and exotic habitats (semi-deserts, semi-arid shrublands, Mediterranean shrub and deciduous vegetation, temperate Araucaria forests, peat bogs, dumps after coal mining, maritime sand dunes etc.) of four continents (Africa, South and North America, and Europe). Molecular phylogenies based on ITS-1,2, rbcL gene and concatenated dataset of ITS-1,2-rbcL, secondary structure of ITS-2, morphology, ecology and biogeography, micrographs and drawings of the investigated strains were assessed. Additionally, phylogeny and morphology of 18 Klebsormidium strains from other lineages isolated from the same localities (different vegetation types of Chile and maritime sand dunes of Germany) were investigated for the comparison with representatives of clade G. Clade G Klebsormidium is characterized by distant phylogenetic position from the other Klebsormidium lineages and prominent morphology: four-lobed chloroplasts and mostly short swollen cells in young culture, compact small pyrenoids, curved or disintegrated filaments, unusual elongation of cells in old culture, formation of specific cluster- and knot-like colonies on agar surface, especially prominent in strains isolated from desert regions, from which the group probably originated. Comparison of Klebsormidium diversity from different biogeographic regions showed that the representatives of clade G are common algae in regions of the southern hemisphere (South Africa and Chile) and rare representatives in terrestrial ecosystems of the northern hemisphere. Further investigation of mostly unstudied territories of the southern hemisphere could bring many surprises and discoveries, leading to a change of the present concept that Klebsormidium is cosmopolitan in distribution.
利用整合方法，基于来自研究较少的系统发育超类群 G 的 28 个菌株，描述了 7 个 Klebsormidium 的新种和 2 个变种。这些菌株来自四个大陆（非洲、南美、北美和欧洲）的不寻常和奇特生境（半沙漠、半干旱灌木林、地中海灌木和落叶植被、温带南洋杉林、泥炭沼泽、采煤后的垃圾场、沿海沙丘等）。基于 ITS-1、2、rbcL 基因和 ITS-1、2-rbcL 联合数据集、ITS-2 二级结构、形态、生态学和生物地理学、研究菌株的显微照片和绘图评估了分子系统发育。此外，还研究了来自其他谱系的 18 个 Klebsormidium 菌株的系统发育和形态，这些菌株来自同一地点（智利不同植被类型和德国沿海沙丘），与 clade G 的代表进行比较。Clade G Klebsormidium 的特点是与其他 Klebsormidium 谱系的遥远系统发育位置和显著形态：四叶叶绿体和在年轻培养物中大多短肿胀细胞、紧密的小淀粉核、弯曲或解体的丝状体、在老培养物中细胞的不寻常伸长、在琼脂表面形成特定的簇状和结状菌落，特别是在从沙漠地区分离出的菌株中尤为突出，该组可能起源于这些地区。不同生物地理区域的 Klebsormidium 多样性比较表明，clade G 的代表在南半球（南非和智利）的区域是常见藻类，而在北半球陆地生态系统中则是罕见代表。对南半球大多数未被研究的地区的进一步调查可能会带来许多惊喜和发现，从而改变 Klebsormidium 分布广泛的现有概念。
