Chen Hu, Jin Dao Chao, Lin Dan Dan, Wang Peng Ju, Zhou Zheng
Institute of Entomology/Provincial Special Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Insect Resources, Guizhou University, Gui-yang 550025, China.
School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2018 Dec;29(12):4152-4164. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201812.032.
The monitoring of soil mite community is an important part of ecological restoration monitoring. Changes of community structure in soil mites could reflect effects of ecological restoration in degraded environment. In different seasons of 2014, we investigated soil mites in the moderate rocky desertification ecological restoration area of Chaoying small watershed in Bijie City, Guizhou Pro-vince. We compared the community structure of soil mites in native Quercus variabilis forest and moderate rocky desertification area. The results showed that soil mites in ecological restoration area of moderate rocky desertification belonged to three orders, 35 families, and 58 genera, with Haploze-tes and Vilhenabates being the dominant genera. Higher number of genera, abundance, and indivi-dual densities were found in upper soil layer. The community structure of predatory Gamasina mites was mainly r-selected, and that of Oribatida mites was mainly Poronota (P-type). In the moderate rocky desertification ecological restoration area, both the abundance and individual density of soil mites were higher than that in moderate rocky desertification area and Q. variabilis forest, while the number of genera, diversity index and richness index were higher than that in moderate rocky desertification area, but lower than that in Q. variabilis forest. On the basis of the control area, 32 genera of mites were recovered and added, accounting for 55.2% of the total number of mite genera in the restoration area. In the whole study area, the number of mite genera were significantly correlated with soil available potassium, richness index, and organic carbon content. The number of indivi-duals, individual density, diversity index, richness index separately had significant correlations with the content of available potassium. The richness index had significant correlation with the content of organic matter. Our results suggested that the vegetation restoration of rocky desertification was beneficial to the restoration of mite community and improvement of soil environment, and that the dominant groups, new groups, and restoration groups of soil mites could indicate environment changes. However, the relationships between soil mite community structure and vegetation, soil physical and chemical factors in the restoration area remained to be further studied.
土壤螨类群落监测是生态恢复监测的重要组成部分。土壤螨类群落结构的变化能够反映退化环境中生态恢复的效果。2014年不同季节，我们对贵州省毕节市超英小流域中度石漠化生态恢复区的土壤螨类进行了调查。我们比较了原生栓皮栎林和中度石漠化区域土壤螨类的群落结构。结果表明，中度石漠化生态恢复区的土壤螨类隶属于3目35科58属，其中单翼甲螨属和维氏甲螨属为优势属。在上层土壤中发现的螨类属数、丰度和个体密度更高。捕食性革螨群落结构主要为r-选择型，甲螨群落结构主要为甲螨亚目（P型）。在中度石漠化生态恢复区，土壤螨类的丰度和个体密度均高于中度石漠化区域和栓皮栎林，而螨类属数、多样性指数和丰富度指数高于中度石漠化区域，但低于栓皮栎林。以对照区为基础，恢复区新增螨类32属，占恢复区螨类总属数的55.2%。在整个研究区域，螨类属数与土壤有效钾、丰富度指数和有机碳含量显著相关。个体数、个体密度、多样性指数、丰富度指数分别与有效钾含量显著相关。丰富度指数与有机质含量显著相关。我们的结果表明，石漠化植被恢复有利于螨类群落的恢复和土壤环境的改善，土壤螨类的优势类群、新增类群和恢复类群能够指示环境变化。然而，恢复区土壤螨类群落结构与植被、土壤理化因子之间的关系仍有待进一步研究。
