Słotwiński Robert, Lech Gustaw, Słotwińska Sylwia Małgorzata
Department of Immunology, Biochemistry, and Nutrition, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Department of General, Gastroenterological, and Oncological Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Cent Eur J Immunol. 2018;43(3):314-324. doi: 10.5114/ceji.2018.80051. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
Pancreatic cancer remains a disease with very poor prognosis (only 5-6% of patients are still alive after five years). Attempts to improve the results of treatment of pancreatic cancer focus on a better understanding of the pathogenesis, and non-invasive diagnostic methods (genetic testing from peripheral blood), which would create the possibility of early diagnosis and early surgical treatment before the onset of metastasis. New hopes for the improvement of early diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are associated with genetic testing of microRNA expression changes. A large body of evidence has revealed that microRNAs are aberrantly expressed in the serum and in cancer tissues and elicit oncogenic or tumour-suppressive functions. Selected microRNAs can distinguish pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from non-cancerous lesions of the pancreas. This review focuses on the involvement of microRNAs in the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Research results related to the development of a novel therapeutic strategy based on the modulation of microRNA expressions for a better outcome in patients with pancreatic cancer are also presented.
胰腺癌仍然是一种预后很差的疾病（只有5%-6%的患者在五年后仍然存活）。改善胰腺癌治疗效果的努力集中在更好地理解其发病机制以及非侵入性诊断方法（外周血基因检测）上，这将为在转移发生之前进行早期诊断和早期手术治疗创造可能性。改善胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）早期诊断和治疗的新希望与对微小RNA表达变化的基因检测有关。大量证据表明，微小RNA在血清和癌组织中异常表达，并发挥致癌或抑癌功能。特定的微小RNA能够区分胰腺导管腺癌与胰腺的非癌性病变。本综述聚焦于微小RNA在胰腺癌早期诊断中的作用。还介绍了与基于微小RNA表达调控制定新型治疗策略以改善胰腺癌患者预后相关的研究结果。
