对尼日利亚一家三级医院收治的109例原发性口腔颌面部恶性病变病例的回顾。

Review of 109 cases of primary malignant orofacial lesions seen at a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

作者信息

Adesina Olufunlola Motunrayo, Soyele Olujide Oladele, Oyetola Elijah Olufemi, Fatusi Olawunmi Adedoyin

机构信息

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

出版信息

Niger Postgrad Med J. 2018 Oct-Dec;25(4):246-251. doi: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_115_18.

DOI:10.4103/npmj.npmj_115_18

PMID:30588946

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Orofacial malignancy is a growing health issue common in developing regions of the world. Presentation patterns are myriad with geographic variations. Advanced stage owing to late presentation constitutes a significant public health burden. The site and type of the lesions are valuable in diagnosis and patient management.

AIM

This study aims to review cases of primary orofacial malignancies at the OAUTHC Dental Hospital.

OBJECTIVES

The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of histologically diagnosed orofacial malignancies, the relative frequencies, types and site of distribution.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Records of patients with orofacial malignancies at the OAUTHC, Dental Hospital over a period of 10 years (January 2008-December 2017) were reviewed, demographic data (age, gender and site), history of tobacco use were retrieved and entered into a pro forma. The data obtained were analysed with STATA 11. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

RESULTS

Of 375, 109 cases of neoplasms seen were primary malignant tumours, with prevalence rate of 29.1%. There were 71 (65.1%) males and 38 (34.9%) females (male:female ratio of 1.87:1), mean age (48.7 ± 19.3 years) and range (4-94 years). Affected sites were mandible (41, 37.6%), maxilla (39, 35.8%), palate (17, 15.6%) and others. Lesions were mainly squamous cell carcinomas (SCC: 46, 42.2%), salivary gland adenocarcinomas (SGAs, 25, 22.9%) including 8 (32%) cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Others were odontogenic carcinoma (18, 16.5%) and lymphoma (8, 7.3%). Most specimen analysed were hard tissues (n = 63, 57.8%). Thirty-four (73.9%) cases of SCC and 66 (60.6%) cases of primary malignancies were in the 5-9 decades of life. This was statistically significant at P = 0.000.

CONCLUSION

SCC was more prevalent than salivary and odontogenic carcinomas. ACC and mucoepidermoid carcinoma were two most common SGAs. Metastatic tumours to the jaws are rare.

摘要

背景

口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤是一个日益严重的健康问题，在世界发展中地区较为常见。其表现形式多样，存在地域差异。由于就诊延迟导致的晚期病例构成了重大的公共卫生负担。病变的部位和类型对诊断及患者管理具有重要价值。

目的

本研究旨在回顾奥塔哥大学教学医院牙科医院原发性口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的病例。

目标

本研究的目的是确定经组织学诊断的口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的患病率、相对频率、类型及分布部位。

材料与方法

回顾了奥塔哥大学教学医院牙科医院10年间（2008年1月至2017年12月）口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤患者的记录，收集人口统计学数据（年龄、性别和部位）、吸烟史并录入表格。所得数据用STATA 11进行分析。设定统计学显著性为P < 0.05。

结果

在375例肿瘤病例中，109例为原发性恶性肿瘤，患病率为29.1%。男性71例（65.1%），女性38例（34.9%）（男女比例为1.87:1），平均年龄（48.7 ± 19.3岁），年龄范围为4至94岁。受累部位为下颌骨（41例，37.6%）、上颌骨（39例，35.8%）、腭部（17例，15.6%）及其他部位。病变主要为鳞状细胞癌（SCC：46例，42.2%）、涎腺腺癌（SGA，25例，22.9%），其中腺样囊性癌（ACC）8例（32%）。其他为牙源性癌（18例，16.5%）和淋巴瘤（8例，7.3%）。分析的大多数标本为硬组织（n = 63，57.8%）。34例（73.9%）SCC病例和66例（60.6%）原发性恶性肿瘤病例年龄在5至9个十年间。这在P = 0.000时具有统计学显著性。