MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunology, Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University.
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Hangzhou.
J Infect Dis. 2019 May 5;219(11):1705-1715. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy731.
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) causes Aujeszky's disease in pigs and can be transmitted to other mammals, including humans. In the current study, we systematically studied the interspecies transmission and evolutionary history of PRV.
We performed comprehensive analysis on the phylodynamics, selection, and structural biology to summarize the phylogenetic and adaptive evolution of PRV based on all available full-length and major glycoprotein sequences.
PRV can be divided into 2 main clades with frequent interclade and intraclade recombination. Clade 2.2 (variant PRV) is currently the most prevalent genotype worldwide, and most commonly involved in cross-species transmission events (including humans). We also found that the population size of clade 2.2 has increased since 2011, and the effective reproduction number was >1 from 2011 to 2016, indicating that PRV may be still circulating in swine herds and is still a risk in relation with cross-species transmission in China. Of note, we identified amino acid sites in some important glycoproteins gB, gC, gD, and gE that may be associated with PRV adaptation to new hosts and immune escape to vaccines.
Our study provides important genetic insight into the interspecies transmission and evolution of PRV within and between different hosts that warrant additional surveillance.
伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）可引起猪的 Aujeszky 病，并且可以传播给其他哺乳动物，包括人类。在本研究中，我们系统地研究了 PRV 的种间传播和进化历史。
我们对系统发育动力学、选择和结构生物学进行了全面分析，根据所有可用的全长和主要糖蛋白序列总结了 PRV 的系统发育和适应性进化。
PRV 可分为 2 个主要分支，频繁发生分支间和分支内重组。分支 2.2（变异 PRV）是目前全球最流行的基因型，并且最常涉及种间传播事件（包括人类）。我们还发现，自 2011 年以来，分支 2.2 的种群数量增加，有效繁殖数（R0）从 2011 年到 2016 年>1，这表明 PRV 可能仍在猪群中传播，并且仍然存在与中国种间传播相关的风险。值得注意的是，我们鉴定了一些重要糖蛋白 gB、gC、gD 和 gE 中的氨基酸位点，这些位点可能与 PRV 适应新宿主和逃避疫苗免疫有关。
我们的研究为 PRV 在不同宿主之间和内部的种间传播和进化提供了重要的遗传见解，需要进一步监测。
