Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea.
National Creative Research Initiative Center for Proteostasis, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea.
Mol Cells. 2018 Dec 31;41(12):1000-1007. doi: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0438. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are essential organelles in eukaryotic cells, which play key roles in various biological pathways. Mitochondria are responsible for ATP production, maintenance of Ca homeostasis and regulation of apoptosis, while ER is involved in protein folding, lipid metabolism as well as Ca homeostasis. These organelles have their own functions, but they also communicate via mitochondrial-associated ER membrane (MAM) to provide another level of regulations in energy production, lipid process, Ca buffering, and apoptosis. Hence, defects in MAM alter cell survival and death. Here, we review components forming the molecular junctions of MAM and how MAM regulates cellular functions. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of impaired ER-mitochondrial communication in various neurodegenerative diseases.
线粒体和内质网（ER）是真核细胞中的重要细胞器，它们在各种生物途径中起着关键作用。线粒体负责 ATP 的产生、Ca 离子的稳态维持和细胞凋亡的调控，而内质网则参与蛋白质折叠、脂质代谢以及 Ca 离子的稳态维持。这些细胞器各有其功能，但它们也通过线粒体相关内质网膜（MAM）进行通讯，以在能量产生、脂质代谢、Ca 缓冲和细胞凋亡等方面提供另一层次的调控。因此，MAM 的缺陷会改变细胞的存活和死亡。在这里，我们回顾了构成 MAM 分子连接的组成部分，以及 MAM 如何调节细胞功能。此外，我们还讨论了内质网-线粒体通讯受损在各种神经退行性疾病中的影响。
