Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; Neuroscience Institute - Italian National Research Council (CNR), 35131 Padova, Italy.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2019 Jul;1866(7):1068-1078. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.10.016. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
The versatility of mitochondrial metabolism and its fine adjustments to specific physiological or pathological conditions regulate fundamental cell pathways, ranging from proliferation to apoptosis. In particular, Ca signalling has emerged as a key player exploited by mitochondria to tune their activity according with cell demand. The functional interaction between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) deeply impacts on the correct mitochondrial Ca signal, thus modulating cell bioenergetics and functionality. Indeed, Ca released by the ER is taken up by mitochondria where, both in the intermembrane space and in the matrix, it regulates the activity of transporters, enzymes and proteins involved in organelles' metabolism. In this review, we will briefly summarize Ca-dependent mechanisms involved in the regulation of mitochondrial activity. Moreover, we will discuss some recent reports, in which alterations in mitochondrial Ca signalling have been associated with specific pathological conditions, such as neurodegeneration and cancer.
线粒体代谢的多功能性及其对特定生理或病理条件的精细调节，调节着从增殖到细胞凋亡的基本细胞途径。特别是，钙信号已成为线粒体根据细胞需求调节其活性的关键参与者。线粒体和内质网（ER）之间的功能相互作用深刻影响正确的线粒体钙信号，从而调节细胞生物能量学和功能。事实上，由 ER 释放的 Ca 被线粒体摄取，在线粒体中，无论是在膜间空间还是在基质中，它都调节参与细胞器代谢的转运蛋白、酶和蛋白质的活性。在这篇综述中，我们将简要总结钙依赖性机制在调节线粒体活性中的作用。此外，我们将讨论一些最近的报道，其中线粒体钙信号的改变与特定的病理条件，如神经退行性变和癌症有关。
