Sukprasansap Monruedee, Sridonpai Piyanut, Phiboonchaiyanan Preeyaporn Plaimee
Food Toxicology Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
Food Database Development for Promoting Health and Food Trade Unit, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Putthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
Mutat Res. 2019 Jan;813:39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2018.12.004. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
Eggplant belongs to the Solanaceae family, and it has an important antioxidant capability that has been shown to counteract oxidation, which is harmful to health and many diseases. In this present study, we evaluated the antigenotoxic effects of six eggplants ((Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. 'Ma-khuea-lueang'; ML), (Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. 'Ma-khuea-pro'; MP), (Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. 'Ma-khuea-sawoei'; MS), (Solanum melongena Linn. 'Ma-khuea-khai-tao'; MKT), (Solanum melongena Linn. 'Ma-khuea-muang klom'; MM) and (Solanum torvum Sw. 'Ma-khuea-phuang'; MPH)) against urethane-induced somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster and hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes. First, we determined all of the eggplant extracts of their antioxidant properties including radical scavenging activities, reducing antioxidant power and total phenolic contents, surprisingly ML extract showed the highest level of activity. In SMART, larvae were fed with each lyophilized eggplant. The results revealed that no sample was mutagenic. Interestingly, we found that all six eggplants had a potent inhibitory effect against urethane-induced mutagenicity. Moreover, the protective effect of each eggplant extract against oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes was investigated using the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay. The treatment cells with six eggplant extracts prevented DNA human lymphocytes in response to hydrogen peroxide, especially ML extract exhibited higher an inhibition percentage than other samples. This study demonstrated that these eggplants seem to be safe for consumption and their extracts could protect against DNA damage. Thus, these eggplants have the potential to provide health benefits associated with prevention or reduced risk of developing chronic diseases, such as cancer.
茄子属于茄科，具有重要的抗氧化能力，已被证明能对抗对健康有害且与多种疾病相关的氧化作用。在本研究中，我们评估了六种茄子（刺天茄‘Ma-khuea-lueang’；ML）、（刺天茄‘Ma-khuea-pro’；MP）、（刺天茄‘Ma-khuea-sawoei’；MS）、（茄‘Ma-khuea-khai-tao’；MKT）、（茄‘Ma-khuea-muang klom’；MM）和（水茄‘Ma-khuea-phuang’；MPH））对黑腹果蝇中氨基甲酸乙酯诱导的体细胞突变和重组试验（SMART）以及对人淋巴细胞中过氧化氢诱导的氧化性DNA损伤的抗基因毒性作用。首先，我们测定了所有茄子提取物的抗氧化特性，包括自由基清除活性、还原抗氧化能力和总酚含量，令人惊讶的是ML提取物显示出最高水平的活性。在SMART试验中，给幼虫喂食每种冻干茄子。结果显示没有样品具有致突变性。有趣的是，我们发现所有六种茄子对氨基甲酸乙酯诱导的致突变性都有显著的抑制作用。此外，使用单细胞凝胶电泳（彗星）试验研究了每种茄子提取物对人淋巴细胞氧化性DNA损伤的保护作用。用六种茄子提取物处理细胞可防止人淋巴细胞DNA受到过氧化氢的影响，尤其是ML提取物表现出比其他样品更高的抑制率。本研究表明这些茄子食用起来似乎是安全的，并且它们的提取物可以保护DNA免受损伤。因此，这些茄子有可能提供与预防或降低患慢性疾病（如癌症）风险相关的健康益处。
