Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Forest Research and Management Organization, 7 Hitsujigaoka, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 062-8516, Japan; Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan.
National Council of Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, 50019, Italy.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Mar;246:566-570. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.046. Epub 2018 Dec 18.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has recently proposed changes to strengthen the transparency of its pivotal regulatory science policy and procedures. In this context, the US EPA aims to enhance the transparency of dose-response data and models, proposing to consider for the first time non-linear biphasic dose-response models. While the proposed changes have the potential to lead to markedly improved ecological risk assessment compared to past and current approaches, we believe there remain open issues for improving the quality of ecological risk assessment, such as the consideration of adaptive, dynamic and interactive effects. Improved risk assessment including adaptive and dynamic non-linear models (beyond classic threshold models) can enhance the quality of regulatory decisions and the protection of ecological health. We suggest that other countries consider adopting a similar scientific-regulatory posture with respect to dose-response modeling via the inclusion of non-linear biphasic models, that incorporate the dynamic potential of biological systems to adapt (i.e., enhancing positive biological endpoints) or maladapt to low levels of stressor agents.
美国环境保护署（US EPA）最近提议修改其关键监管科学政策和程序，以加强其透明度。在这种情况下，美国环保署旨在提高剂量-反应数据和模型的透明度，提议首次考虑非线性双相剂量-反应模型。虽然与过去和现行方法相比，拟议的修改有可能显著改善生态风险评估，但我们认为仍存在一些问题需要改进生态风险评估的质量，例如考虑适应性、动态和交互作用。包括适应性和动态非线性模型（超越经典阈值模型）在内的改进风险评估可以提高监管决策的质量和生态健康的保护。我们建议其他国家考虑通过纳入非线性双相模型，采取类似的科学监管立场，以考虑生物系统的动态潜力来适应（即增强积极的生物学终点）或适应压力源的低水平。
