Mousavi Seyed Mohsen, Schmid Sabine, Cerny Thomas, Früh Martin
Cancer Registry, Cancer League East Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Departments of Oncology and Haematology, Canton Hospital, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2018 Dec 30;148:w14708. doi: 10.4414/smw.2018.14708. eCollection 2018 Dec 17.
We explored the trend in lung cancer incidence rates among a young Swiss population (30–54 years old) by sex from 1990 to 2014 to investigate the birth cohort effect on lung cancer. We evaluated smoking rates from 1992 to 2012 to explain sex differences in lung cancer incidence rates.
The data of the Swiss National Institute for Cancer Epidemiology and Registration (NICER) were used. We extracted the data of age-standardized (world) and age-specific incidence rates (per 100,000 people at risk) of trachea, bronchus, and lung cancers by sex and year of diagnosis from 1990 to 2014. The data on tobacco consumption were generated from the Swiss Federal Statistical Office. These data were based on Swiss Health Surveys, involving 5-year intervals from 1992 to 2012.
Incidence rates decreased among men in the age groups 40–44, 45–49, and 50–54 years. An increased rate was seen among women in age group 50–54 years. Among men, rates generally decreased in successive birth cohorts, whereas among women, the rates increased from the cohort born in 1935–1939 up to the 1950s, and then were steady. In the cohort born in 1940–1944 an increased rate was seen until the 1960s, and then they decreased. In the cohort born in 1945–1949 the rates remained steady. Smoking prevalence was higher among men than among women in all age and birth groups. Among men born in the mid-1950s or mid-1960s, smoking prevalence has become higher for younger compared to older men. This pattern was only seen among younger women born in the mid-1960s.
Decreasing lung cancer incidence rates in young Swiss men but increasing rates in young women reflect the evolution of the smoking epidemic in the world. Our findings indicate an urgent need for implementing prevention strategies that target tobacco cessation and prevention among young women.
我们探讨了1990年至2014年间瑞士年轻人群（30至54岁）中按性别划分的肺癌发病率趋势，以研究出生队列效应与肺癌的关系。我们评估了1992年至2012年的吸烟率，以解释肺癌发病率的性别差异。
使用了瑞士国家癌症流行病学与登记研究所（NICER）的数据。我们提取了1990年至2014年按性别和诊断年份划分的气管、支气管和肺癌的年龄标准化（世界）发病率以及特定年龄发病率（每10万风险人群）。烟草消费数据来自瑞士联邦统计局。这些数据基于瑞士健康调查，涵盖1992年至2012年的5年间隔期。
40至44岁、45至49岁和50至54岁年龄组的男性发病率下降。50至54岁年龄组的女性发病率上升。在男性中，连续出生队列的发病率总体呈下降趋势，而在女性中，从1935年至1939年出生的队列到20世纪50年代发病率上升，然后保持稳定。在1940年至1944年出生的队列中，发病率在20世纪60年代之前上升，然后下降。在1945年至1949年出生的队列中，发病率保持稳定。在所有年龄和出生组中，男性的吸烟流行率高于女性。在20世纪50年代中期或60年代中期出生的男性中，与年长男性相比，年轻男性的吸烟流行率更高。这种模式仅在20世纪60年代中期出生的年轻女性中可见。
瑞士年轻男性肺癌发病率下降而年轻女性发病率上升反映了全球吸烟流行情况的演变。我们的研究结果表明迫切需要实施针对年轻女性戒烟和预防吸烟的预防策略。
