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新属及（茶渍目，原茶渍亚目）：使用DNA条形码和表型特征进行物种描述和属的界定

gen. nov. and (Lecanorales, Protoparmelioideae): species description and generic delimitation using DNA barcodes and phenotypical characters.

作者信息

Singh Garima, Ptroot André, Ico Víctor J, Tte Jürgen, Crespo Ana, Cáceres Marcela Eugenia da Silva, Schmitt Imke

机构信息

Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

Laboratório de Botânica/Liquenologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Caixa Postal 549, CEP 79070-900, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

出版信息

MycoKeys. 2018 Dec 14(44):19-50. doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.44.29904. eCollection 2018.

DOI:10.3897/mycokeys.44.29904
PMID:30595656
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6303283/
Abstract

Multilocus phylogenetic studies revealed a high level of cryptic diversity within the lichen-forming fungal genus (Protoparmelioideae, Parmeliaceae). Coalescent-based species delimitation suggested that most of the cryptic molecular lineages warranted recognition as separate species. Here we study the morphology and chemistry of these taxa and formally describe eight new species based on phenotypical and molecular characters. Further, we evaluate the use of ITS rDNA as a DNA barcode for identifying species in this genus. For the first time, we obtained an ITS sequence of , the type species of the genus and showed that it is phylogenetically not closely related to species currently placed in or . We assembled a dataset of 66 ITS sequences to assess the interspecies genetic distances amongst the twelve species using ITS as DNA barcode. We found that and form a supported monophyletic group whereas is sister to both. We therefore propose a new genus to accommodate the tropical-subtropical species within Protoparmelioideae, with as the type, , , , , , , and as new species and , , , and as new proposed combinations. We provide a key to and confirm the use of ITS for accurately identifying species in this group.

摘要

多位点系统发育研究揭示了地衣形成真菌属（原盘衣亚科，梅衣科）内高度的隐存多样性。基于溯祖的物种界定表明，大多数隐存分子谱系有理由被认定为独立的物种。在此，我们研究了这些分类单元的形态和化学特征，并基于表型和分子特征正式描述了八个新物种。此外，我们评估了ITS rDNA作为该属物种鉴定的DNA条形码的实用性。我们首次获得了该属模式种的ITS序列，并表明它在系统发育上与目前置于该属或其他属的物种没有密切关系。我们组装了一个包含66个ITS序列的数据集，以评估使用ITS作为DNA条形码时十二个该属物种之间的种间遗传距离。我们发现[具体物种1]和[具体物种2]形成一个得到支持的单系类群，而[具体物种3]是两者的姐妹类群。因此，我们提出一个新属[新属名]来容纳原盘衣亚科内的热带 - 亚热带物种，以[具体物种4]为模式种，[具体物种5]、[具体物种6]、[具体物种7]、[具体物种8]、[具体物种9]、[具体物种10]、[具体物种11]和[具体物种12]为新物种，以及[具体物种13]、[具体物种14]、[具体物种15]和[具体物种16]为新提出的组合。我们提供了该属的检索表，并确认了ITS在准确鉴定该类群物种中的用途。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/0946cd9f92b1/mycokeys-44-019-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/24bd7dcb4805/mycokeys-44-019-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/67021c722eda/mycokeys-44-019-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/c821663aac9c/mycokeys-44-019-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/f2344e29b706/mycokeys-44-019-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/7971605a8181/mycokeys-44-019-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/0f8eb27fba9d/mycokeys-44-019-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/37460804f0de/mycokeys-44-019-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/08ba2c4ea4ed/mycokeys-44-019-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/308e52cb6604/mycokeys-44-019-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/cab9b2ccb59f/mycokeys-44-019-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/5e3a18288b11/mycokeys-44-019-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/0455633a0047/mycokeys-44-019-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/0946cd9f92b1/mycokeys-44-019-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/24bd7dcb4805/mycokeys-44-019-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/67021c722eda/mycokeys-44-019-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/c821663aac9c/mycokeys-44-019-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/f2344e29b706/mycokeys-44-019-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/7971605a8181/mycokeys-44-019-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/0f8eb27fba9d/mycokeys-44-019-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/37460804f0de/mycokeys-44-019-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/08ba2c4ea4ed/mycokeys-44-019-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/308e52cb6604/mycokeys-44-019-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/cab9b2ccb59f/mycokeys-44-019-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/5e3a18288b11/mycokeys-44-019-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/0455633a0047/mycokeys-44-019-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/43b2/6303283/0946cd9f92b1/mycokeys-44-019-g013.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Different diversification histories in tropical and temperate lineages in the ascomycete subfamily Protoparmelioideae (Parmeliaceae).子囊菌亚科原梅衣亚科（梅衣科）中热带和温带谱系不同的多样化历史。
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2
A temporal banding approach for consistent taxonomic ranking above the species level.一种时间带方法，用于在种级别以上进行一致的分类等级排列。
Sci Rep. 2017 May 23;7(1):2297. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02477-7.
3
Fungal-algal association patterns in lichen symbiosis linked to macroclimate.
菌藻共生关系中与大气候相关的真菌-藻类关联模式。
New Phytol. 2017 Apr;214(1):317-329. doi: 10.1111/nph.14366. Epub 2016 Dec 5.
4
Evolution of complex symbiotic relationships in a morphologically derived family of lichen-forming fungi.地衣形成真菌一个形态衍生科中复杂共生关系的演化
New Phytol. 2015 Dec;208(4):1217-26. doi: 10.1111/nph.13553. Epub 2015 Aug 24.
5
Coalescent-based species delimitation approach uncovers high cryptic diversity in the cosmopolitan lichen-forming fungal genus Protoparmelia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota).基于溯祖理论的物种界定方法揭示了全球广布的地衣形成真菌原盘衣属（茶渍目，子囊菌门）中存在的高度隐秘多样性。
PLoS One. 2015 May 1;10(5):e0124625. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124625. eCollection 2015.
6
The sister-group relationships of the largest family of lichenized fungi, Parmeliaceae (Lecanorales, Ascomycota).最大的地衣化真菌科（松萝目，子囊菌门），Parmeliaceae（松萝目，子囊菌门）的姐妹群关系。
Fungal Biol. 2013 Oct;117(10):715-21. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2013.08.001. Epub 2013 Aug 13.