University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
Pacific Vision Foundation, San Francisco, CA.
Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2019 May-Jun;8(3):256-263. doi: 10.22608/APO.2018280. Epub 2018 Dec 31.
Participation in continuing professional development (CPD) is part of lifelong learning required by ophthalmologists. Metacognition is a new area of educational research. It is important because metacognitive skills are essential in medical education and likely to improve effectiveness of CPD activities. We systematically searched PubMed using the terms "metacognition" and "CPD" or "continuing medical education (CME)" and found only 5 articles. These articles were supplemented by a broadbased review of published literature including educational psychology, across the continuum of medical education. We summarize the techniques that may improve metacognition in CPD: awareness of and instruction in metacognition, awareness and mitigation of cognitive errors, appropriate needs analysis, and choosing appropriate activities. Metacognition and learning of new surgical techniques, the role of portfolios, and the role of the educator are described. The evidence is weak however, and it is usually extrapolated to CPD activities from other fields. Ophthalmologists may be able to improve their metacognitive skills in the CPD context, but the evidence supporting this is of low quality.
参与持续专业发展（CPD）是眼科医生所要求的终身学习的一部分。元认知是教育研究的一个新领域。它很重要，因为元认知技能在医学教育中至关重要，并可能提高 CPD 活动的效果。我们使用“元认知”和“CPD”或“继续医学教育（CME）”这两个术语在 PubMed 上进行了系统搜索，仅发现了 5 篇文章。这些文章还通过广泛的文献综述进行了补充，包括教育心理学，涵盖了医学教育的整个过程。我们总结了可能提高 CPD 中元认知的技术：元认知的意识和指导、认知错误的意识和减轻、适当的需求分析以及选择适当的活动。描述了元认知和新技术的学习、投资组合的作用以及教育者的作用。然而，证据很薄弱，通常是从其他领域推断到 CPD 活动的。眼科医生可能能够提高他们在 CPD 背景下的元认知技能，但支持这一点的证据质量较低。
