Institute of Psychology Continuing Education College, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Research Institute for Family Planning, No.12, Dahuisi Road, Hai Dian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
Research Center for Mental Health and Behavior Big Data, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, China.
BMC Public Health. 2019 Jan 3;19(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6307-7.
A mountain of evidence has shown that people's physical and mental health can be affected by various air pollutions. Poor pregnancy outcomes are associated with exposure to air pollution. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between air pollutions (PM, PM, SO, NO, CO, and O) and preterm birth/low birth weight in Guangdong province, China.
All maternal data and birth data from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015 were selected from a National Free Pre-pregnancy Check-ups system, and the daily air quality data of Guangdong Province was collected from China National Environmental Monitoring Center. 1784 women with either preterm birth information (n = 687) or low birth weight information (n = 1097) were used as experimental group. Control group included 1766 women with healthy birth information. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the effects of air pollutants on the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight.
The pollution levels of PM, PM, SO, NO, CO, and O in Guangdong province were all lower than the national air pollution concentrations. The concentrations of PM, PM, SO, NO and CO had obvious seasonal trends with the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. O concentrations in September (65.72 μg/m) and October (84.18 μg/m) were relatively higher. After controlling for the impact of confounding factors, the increases in the risk of preterm birth were associated with each 10 μg/m increase in PM (OR 1.043, 95% CI 1.01-1.09) and PM (OR 1.039, 95% CI 1.011.14) during the first trimester and in PM (OR 1.038, 95% CI 1.011.12), PM (OR 1.024, 95% CI 1.021.09), SO (OR 1.081, 95% CI 1.011.29), and O (OR 1.016, 95% CI 1.004~1.35) during the third trimester. The increase in the risk of low birth weight was associated with PM, PM, NO, and O in the first month and the last month.
This study provides further evidence for the relationships between air pollutions and preterm birth/low birth weight. Pregnant women are recommended to reduce or avoid exposure to air pollutions during pregnancy, especially in the early and late stages of pregnancy.
大量证据表明，人们的身心健康会受到各种空气污染的影响。不良的妊娠结局与暴露于空气污染有关。因此，本研究旨在探讨中国广东省空气污染（PM、PM、SO、NO、CO 和 O）与早产/低出生体重之间的关系。
本研究从国家免费孕前优生健康检查系统中选取了 2014 年 1 月 1 日至 2015 年 12 月 31 日的所有产妇数据和分娩数据，并从中国国家环境监测中心收集了广东省的每日空气质量数据。本研究将 1784 名有早产信息（n=687）或低出生体重信息（n=1097）的妇女作为实验组，对照组包括 1766 名有健康分娩信息的妇女。采用 logistic 回归模型评估了空气污染物对早产和低出生体重风险的影响。
广东省的 PM、PM、SO、NO、CO 和 O 污染水平均低于国家空气污染浓度。PM、PM、SO、NO 和 CO 的浓度存在明显的季节性趋势，冬季最高，夏季最低。9 月（65.72μg/m）和 10 月（84.18μg/m）的 O 浓度相对较高。在控制了混杂因素的影响后，发现 PM（OR 1.043，95%CI 1.01-1.09）和 PM（OR 1.039，95%CI 1.011.14）在妊娠早期每增加 10μg/m，以及 PM（OR 1.038，95%CI 1.011.12）、PM（OR 1.024，95%CI 1.021.09）、SO（OR 1.081，95%CI 1.011.29）和 O（OR 1.016，95%CI 1.004~1.35）在妊娠晚期与早产风险增加有关。低出生体重的风险与妊娠第 1 个月和最后 1 个月的 PM、PM、NO 和 O 有关。
本研究为空气污染与早产/低出生体重之间的关系提供了进一步的证据。建议孕妇在怀孕期间减少或避免接触空气污染，尤其是在妊娠早期和晚期。
