Raglus Troy I, De Groef Bert, Rochfort Simone, Rawlin Grant, McCowan Christina
Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
Vet J. 2019 Jan;243:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.11.001. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
Veterinary diagnostic clinicians are increasingly presented with emaciated animals involved in suspected neglect cases. A rise in public awareness and media attention towards animal welfare, combined with changes in legislation and a demand for a higher standard of evidence be presented in animal neglect cases submitted for prosecutions, have created a need for an objective measurement of starvation, particularly given the lack of quantitative assessments at post-mortem examinations. Bone marrow fat (BMF) is the final fat reserve to be mobilised for energy by a calorie-deprived animal during a state of emaciation. Percentage of BMF has been used to study starvation in several species and may provide an objective measure of ante-mortem body condition. This paper reviews the literature on the use of BMF analysis as a post-mortem diagnostic test for ante-mortem starvation. Beginning with a general overview of starvation and usual methods of assessment to describe animals in poor condition, the analysis of BMF is then introduced. Various methods of BMF analysis are discussed, as well as factors that influence the amount of BMF. This review also discusses the limitations of BMF analysis and makes suggestions where future research should be primarily focused.
兽医诊断临床医生越来越多地遇到涉及疑似忽视案件的瘦弱动物。公众对动物福利的意识提高和媒体关注，再加上立法的变化以及对提交起诉的动物忽视案件中提供更高证据标准的要求，使得有必要对饥饿进行客观测量，特别是考虑到死后检查缺乏定量评估。骨髓脂肪（BMF）是处于消瘦状态的能量匮乏动物为获取能量而动员的最后脂肪储备。BMF百分比已被用于研究多个物种的饥饿情况，并可能提供生前身体状况的客观指标。本文综述了关于使用BMF分析作为生前饥饿死后诊断测试的文献。首先概述饥饿及描述状况不佳动物的常用评估方法，然后引入BMF分析。讨论了BMF分析的各种方法以及影响BMF量的因素。本综述还讨论了BMF分析的局限性，并对未来研究应主要关注的方向提出了建议。
