The International Centre, Researching Child Sexual Exploitation, Violence and Trafficking, The University of Bedfordshire, Park Square, Luton, LU1 3JU, United Kingdom.
AVA, The Foundry, 17 Ovalway, London, SE11 5RR, United Kingdom.
Child Abuse Negl. 2019 Mar;89:7-17. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.12.025. Epub 2019 Jan 3.
School based, peer-to-peer sexual harm is under-researched despite its prevalence and adverse effects on young people across the globe. Understanding barriers to victim disclosure and peer reporting might help towards the prevention and protection of young people.
This study explores dual perspectives of young people and educational staff about school-specific environmental barriers to 1) young people's disclosure of sexual harm experienced, and 2) young people's reporting of sexual harm on behalf of others.
Participants include 59 young people aged 13-21 and 58 educational staff, drawn from seven schools across four local authorities in England whom formed part of a wider study on harmful sexual behavior and safety in schools.
Focus groups were carried out with young people and education staff. The sessions were thematically analysed and focused on barriers to disclosure within the school context.
Peer groups set powerful 'rules' that influence the ability and willingness of young people to report sexual harm. Some school responses for addressing sexual harm are sub-optimal and sexual harm is not adequately prioritised. Some schools appear to struggle to manage more subtle forms of sexual harm compared with more recognized forms of violence and abuse. A significant proportion of sexual harm is so prevalent that it is 'normalised', and therefore under-reported. This resigned acceptance to sexual harm consequently shapes young people's disclosures.
School systems of responding to sexual harm require strengthening to increase feelings of safety and empowerment of young people.
尽管在全球范围内，同伴间的校园性伤害普遍存在且对年轻人造成了不良影响，但针对这种现象的研究却相对较少。了解受害者披露和同伴报告的障碍，可能有助于预防和保护年轻人。
本研究从年轻人和教育工作者的双重视角出发，探讨了学校特定环境对以下两个方面的障碍：1）年轻人披露自身所经历的性伤害的意愿；2）年轻人代表他人报告性伤害的意愿。
参与者包括来自英格兰四个地方当局的七所学校的 59 名 13-21 岁的年轻人和 58 名教育工作者，他们是一项关于学校内有害性行为和安全问题的更广泛研究的一部分。
对年轻人和教育工作者进行了焦点小组讨论。对会议内容进行了主题分析，并重点关注了学校背景下的披露障碍。
同龄群体制定了强有力的“规则”，影响了年轻人报告性伤害的能力和意愿。一些学校处理性伤害的反应并不理想，且性伤害没有得到足够的重视。与更被认可的暴力和虐待形式相比，一些学校似乎难以处理更为微妙的性伤害形式。相当一部分性伤害如此普遍，以至于被“正常化”，因此报告的比例较低。这种对性伤害的无奈接受，继而影响了年轻人的披露行为。
学校应对性伤害的系统需要加强，以增强年轻人的安全感和赋权感。
