Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1G1, Canada.
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 1G1, Canada.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2019 Mar;137:12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.12.013. Epub 2019 Jan 4.
Error monitoring is crucial for survival and adaptation, and can be indexed by the error-related negativity (ERN), a fronto-centrally located negative deflection in the event-related potential (ERP) waveform that differentiates erroneous from correct responses within 100 ms of a response. The ERN is seen as an early neural signal indicating the need to adjust performance and increase executive control. Previous findings indicate that punishing errors increases ERN magnitude, and that punitive parenting predicts an enhanced ERN in children. If punitive parenting can in fact sensitize children to error commission over the long term, an enhanced ERN should be seen in adults who experienced harsh parenting as children. The present study thus sought to establish whether punitive parenting is associated with an enhanced ERN in emerging adulthood. A sample of 70 emerging adult females reported on their mothers' and fathers' parenting styles separately and performed a flanker task to elicit the ERN. Higher reported overprotective/authoritarian maternal behavior was associated with an enhanced ERN. These results provide further support for the hypothesis that punitive parenting may lead to long-term sensitization of neural networks involved in performance monitoring.
错误监控对于生存和适应至关重要，可以通过错误相关负波（ERN）进行评估，ERN 是事件相关电位（ERP）波形中的一种额-中央负偏转，它在反应后 100 毫秒内区分错误和正确反应。ERN 被视为指示需要调整表现和增加执行控制的早期神经信号。先前的研究结果表明，惩罚错误会增加 ERN 的幅度，而严厉的父母养育方式会预测儿童的 ERN 增强。如果严厉的父母养育方式实际上可以使孩子在长期内对犯错更加敏感，那么经历过严厉养育方式的成年人的 ERN 应该会增强。因此，本研究旨在确定严厉的父母养育方式是否与成年早期的增强型 ERN 有关。一个由 70 名成年女性组成的样本分别报告了他们母亲和父亲的养育方式，并进行了侧抑制任务以引出 ERN。报告的母亲过度保护/专制行为越多，ERN 就越强。这些结果进一步支持了这样一种假设，即严厉的父母养育方式可能导致与表现监测相关的神经网络长期敏感化。
