Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 4209 Sennott Square, 210 South Bouquet St., Pittsburgh PA 15260, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 4209 Sennott Square, 210 South Bouquet St., Pittsburgh PA 15260, USA; Department of Psychology and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 4207 Sennott Square, 210 South Bouquet St., Pittsburgh PA 15260, USA.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Mar;98:85-94. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.12.030. Epub 2019 Jan 4.
Despite hundreds of structural MRI studies documenting smaller brain volumes on average in schizophrenia compared to controls, little attention has been paid to group differences in the variability of brain volumes. Examination of variability may help interpret mean group differences in brain volumes and aid in better understanding the heterogeneity of schizophrenia. Variability in 246 MRI studies was meta-analyzed for 13 structures that have shown medium to large mean effect sizes (Cohen's d≥0.4): intracranial volume, total brain volume, lateral ventricles, third ventricle, total gray matter, frontal gray matter, prefrontal gray matter, temporal gray matter, superior temporal gyrus gray matter, planum temporale, hippocampus, fusiform gyrus, insula; and a control structure, caudate nucleus. No significant differences in variability in cortical/subcortical volumes were detected in schizophrenia relative to controls. In contrast, increased variability was found in schizophrenia compared to controls for intracranial and especially lateral and third ventricle volumes. These findings highlight the need for more attention to ventricles and detailed analyses of brain volume distributions to better elucidate the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
尽管数百项结构磁共振成像（MRI）研究表明，与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的大脑体积平均更小，但人们对大脑体积的可变性的组间差异关注甚少。对可变性的检查可以帮助解释大脑体积的平均组间差异，并有助于更好地理解精神分裂症的异质性。对显示出中等至较大平均效应量（Cohen's d≥0.4）的 13 个结构的 246 项 MRI 研究的变异性进行了荟萃分析：颅内体积、全脑体积、侧脑室、第三脑室、总灰质、额状回、前额叶灰质、颞叶灰质、颞上回灰质、颞平面、海马体、梭状回、岛叶；以及一个对照结构，尾状核。与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的皮质/皮质下体积变异性没有显著差异。相比之下，与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的颅内体积，尤其是侧脑室和第三脑室体积的变异性增加。这些发现强调需要更加关注脑室，并对大脑体积分布进行详细分析，以更好地阐明精神分裂症的病理生理学。
