Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Tropical Disease Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
China Office of United Nations Children's Fund, Beijing, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2019 Jan 7;19(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12887-018-1374-6.
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine is effective in reducing the burden of Hib related diseases, but little is known about factors influencing the uptake of Hib vaccine. This study aimed to assess the uptake of Hib vaccination and its associated factors in Shanghai City, China.
We used data from a retrospective cohort of 183,246 children born in 2012-2016 obtained from the Shanghai Immunization Program Information System, which provided information on the uptake of Hib vaccination. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 451 children to collect information on demographic and other factors that might be associated with Hib vaccination.
In the retrospective cohort study, the proportions of Hib dose-1 coverage, vaccination completion and timeliness were 67.7, 52.2 and 29.4%, respectively. These measures were better among local children and increased with birth year, while there were regional differences. Hib vaccine uptake was significantly associated with maternal occupation (non-health vs health workers, OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.32-4.13, P = 0.004) and caregivers' awareness of Hib (yes vs no, OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.12-2.74, P = 0.013).
We found low levels of coverage of dose-1 Hib vaccine, timeliness and completion, suggesting inadequate protection against Hib disease for children in Shanghai. Non-local children and those of health workers should be targeted for interventions. The inclusion of Hib vaccine into the national immunization program could help improve the uptake of Hib vaccines.
乙型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）疫苗可有效降低 Hib 相关疾病负担，但人们对影响 Hib 疫苗接种率的因素知之甚少。本研究旨在评估中国上海市 Hib 疫苗接种率及其相关因素。
我们使用了来自上海市免疫规划信息系统的 183246 名 2012-2016 年出生儿童的回顾性队列数据，该系统提供了 Hib 疫苗接种情况信息。我们对 451 名儿童进行了横断面研究，以收集可能与 Hib 疫苗接种相关的人口统计学和其他因素的信息。
在回顾性队列研究中，Hib 疫苗 1 剂次接种率、全程接种率和及时接种率分别为 67.7%、52.2%和 29.4%。这些措施在本地儿童中较好，且随出生年份增加而提高，但存在地域差异。Hib 疫苗接种率与母亲职业（非卫生工作者与卫生工作者，OR=2.33，95%CI：1.32-4.13，P=0.004）和照料者对 Hib 的认识（是与否，OR=1.75，95%CI：1.12-2.74，P=0.013）显著相关。
我们发现 Hib 疫苗 1 剂次接种率、及时接种率和全程接种率较低，提示上海市儿童 Hib 病保护不足。应针对非本地儿童和卫生工作者子女采取干预措施。将 Hib 疫苗纳入国家免疫规划有助于提高 Hib 疫苗接种率。
