哥伦比亚疟疾流行地区的巴贝斯虫病患病率。

Babesiosis prevalence in malaria-endemic regions of Colombia.

作者信息

Gonzalez Juliana, Echaide Ignacio, Pabón Adriana, Gabriel Piñeros J Juan, Blair Silvia, Tobón-Castaño Alberto

机构信息

Malaria Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.

Immunology and Parasitology Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Rafaela, Argentina.

出版信息

J Vector Borne Dis. 2018 Jul-Sep;55(3):222-229. doi: 10.4103/0972-9062.249480.

DOI:10.4103/0972-9062.249480

PMID:30618449

Abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: : The presence of Babesia spp in humans, bovine cattle and ticks (the transmitting vector) has not been well characterized in Colombia. Babesia infection in humans can be overlooked due to similarity of the disease symptoms with malaria specially in the regions where malaria is endemic. The aim of the present work was to study the frequency of Babesia infection in humans, bovines and ticks in a malaria endemic region of Colombia, and explore the possible relationship of infection with host and the environmental factors.

METHODS

: A cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2014 and March 2015 to determine the frequency of B. bovis and B. bigemina infection in a sample of 300 humans involved in cattle raising, in 202 bovines; and in 515 ticks obtained from these subjects, using molecular (PCR), microscopic and serological methods. In addition, the demographic, ecological and zootechnical factors associated with the presence of Babesia, were explored.

RESULTS

: In the bovine population, the prevalence of infection was 14.4% (29/202); the highest risk of infection was found in cattle under nine months of age (OR = 23.9, CI 8.10-94.30, p = 0.0). In humans, a prevalence of 2% (6/300) was found; four of these six cases were positive for B. bovis. Self-report of fever in the last seven days in the positive cases was found to be associated with Babesia infection (Incidence rate ratio = 9.08; CI 1.34-61.10, p = 0.02). The frequency of B. bigemina infection in the collected ticks was 18.5% (30/162).

INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: : The study established the presence of Babesia spp in humans, bovines and ticks. The most prevalent species responsible for babesiosis in humans and bovines was B. bovis, while B. bigemina was the species most frequently found in the tick population. The results contribute to the knowledge of the epidemiology of babesiosis in the country and can provide guidelines for the epidemiological surveillance of this non-malarial febrile illness in humans as well as cattle.

摘要

背景与目的

在哥伦比亚，人类、牛和蜱虫（传播媒介）中巴贝斯虫属的存在情况尚未得到充分描述。由于人类巴贝斯虫感染的疾病症状与疟疾相似，特别是在疟疾流行地区，这种感染可能会被忽视。本研究的目的是调查哥伦比亚一个疟疾流行地区人类、牛和蜱虫中巴贝斯虫感染的频率，并探讨感染与宿主及环境因素之间的可能关系。

方法

在2014年8月至2015年3月期间进行了一项横断面研究，以确定参与养牛的300名人类、202头牛以及从这些对象身上采集的515只蜱虫中牛巴贝斯虫和双芽巴贝斯虫的感染频率，采用分子（PCR）、显微镜和血清学方法。此外，还探讨了与巴贝斯虫存在相关的人口统计学、生态学和畜牧技术因素。

结果

在牛群中，感染率为14.4%（29/202）；9个月龄以下的牛感染风险最高（比值比=23.9，可信区间8.10-94.30，p=0.0）。在人类中，感染率为2%（6/300）；这6例中有4例牛巴贝斯虫呈阳性。发现阳性病例中过去7天内有发热自我报告与巴贝斯虫感染相关（发病率比=9.08；可信区间1.34-61.10，p=0.02）。采集的蜱虫中双芽巴贝斯虫的感染频率为18.5%（30/162）。