Dehler Sascha, Lou Wilson Pak-Kin, Gao Liang, Skabkin Maxim, Dällenbach Sabrina, Neumann Andreas, Martin-Villalba Ana
Molecular Neurobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, ShenZhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Front Mol Neurosci. 2018 Dec 11;11:443. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00443. eCollection 2018.
External stimuli such as injury, learning, or stress influence the production of neurons by neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult mammalian brain. These external stimuli directly impact stem cell activity by influencing areas directly connected or in close proximity to the neurogenic niches of the adult brain. However, very little is known on how distant injuries affect NSC activation state. In this study, we demonstrate that a thoracic spinal transection injury activates the distally located hippocampal-NSCs. This activation leads to a transient increase production of neurons that functionally integrate to improve animal's performance in hippocampal-related memory tasks. We further show that interferon-CD95 signaling is required to promote injury-mediated activation of remote NSCs. Thus, we identify an immune-CNS axis responsible for injury-mediated activation of remotely located NSCs.
诸如损伤、学习或应激等外部刺激会影响成年哺乳动物大脑中神经干细胞（NSC）产生神经元的过程。这些外部刺激通过影响与成年大脑神经发生微环境直接相连或紧邻的区域，直接影响干细胞活性。然而，对于远处损伤如何影响神经干细胞激活状态，我们知之甚少。在本研究中，我们证明胸段脊髓横断损伤会激活位于远处的海马神经干细胞。这种激活导致神经元产生短暂增加，这些神经元在功能上整合，从而改善动物在海马相关记忆任务中的表现。我们进一步表明，干扰素 - CD95信号传导是促进损伤介导的远程神经干细胞激活所必需的。因此，我们确定了一个负责损伤介导的远程神经干细胞激活的免疫 - 中枢神经系统轴。
