Nyúl Boglárka, Kende Anna, Engyel Márton, Szabó Mónika
Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Social Groups and Media Research Lab, Department of Social Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Psychol. 2018 Dec 11;9:2555. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02555. eCollection 2018.
Rape cases of celebrities and other influential figures have caught the public eye in recent years. Following the media attention to these cases, people made strong judgments either believing or doubting the victims. Even though some of these men were convicted, they tended to receive little jail time and continued to enjoy people's sympathy, as in the case of the Hungarian national swimming-coach. We examined whether opinions about the coach's rape were affected by rape myth acceptance (RMA) and the perception of the perpetrator as a successful person. We conducted two online surveys to reveal this connection at two different points. The case was still somewhat ambiguous at the time of data collection for Study 1 ( = 870) because the perpetrator denied it. However, Study 2 ( = 105) took place after the perpetrator admitted his crime. In line with our predictions, we found that in the uncertain context of Study 1, RMA and the perception of the perpetrator as a successful person predicted whether respondents labeled the incident as rape, and how the perpetrator's reactions were judged morally. In the certain condition of Study 2, RMA continued to predict moral judgments, but it no longer predicted whether the incident was labeled as rape. These findings showed that in the evaluation of a rape case of a popular and powerful person, perception of the perpetrator's success can affect the overall evaluation of the case based on the level of RMA. However, such a connection is more pronounced when there are still ambiguities regarding the rape. We therefore suggest that both RMA and the effect of the overall perception of the perpetrator are considered in rape prevention programs, because rape cases rarely appear as certain and unambiguous in the media.
近年来，名人及其他有影响力人物的强奸案引起了公众的关注。在媒体对这些案件进行报道之后，人们做出了强烈的判断，要么相信受害者，要么怀疑受害者。尽管其中一些男性被定罪，但他们往往服刑时间很短，并且继续获得人们的同情，比如匈牙利国家游泳教练的案件。我们研究了对该教练强奸案的看法是否受到强奸谬见认同（RMA）以及将犯罪者视为成功人士的看法的影响。我们进行了两项在线调查，以在两个不同时间点揭示这种联系。在研究1（n = 870）收集数据时，该案件仍有些模糊不清，因为犯罪者否认了这一指控。然而，研究2（n = 105）是在犯罪者承认罪行之后进行的。与我们的预测一致，我们发现，在研究1的不确定背景下，RMA以及将犯罪者视为成功人士的看法预测了受访者是否将该事件标记为强奸，以及对犯罪者的反应如何进行道德评判。在研究2的确定情况下，RMA继续预测道德评判，但它不再预测该事件是否被标记为强奸。这些发现表明，在评估一个受欢迎且有权势的人的强奸案时，对犯罪者成功的看法会基于RMA的程度影响对该案件的整体评估。然而，当强奸案仍存在模糊之处时，这种联系更为明显。因此，我们建议在预防强奸的项目中既要考虑RMA，也要考虑对犯罪者的整体看法所产生的影响，因为强奸案在媒体上很少呈现为确定且明确的。
