Fichter M M
Psychiatrische Klinik der Universität München.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1988 Jul;56(7):231-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1001787.
The evidence for the hypothesis that the poet Franz Kafka had suffered from an atypical anorexia nervosa is presented. Kafka was slim and underweight throughout his life and showed an ascetic attitude and abjuration of physical enjoyment and pleasure (fasting, vegetarianism, sexual abstinence, emphasis on physical fitness). The analysis is mainly based on Kafka's own descriptions in his letters, diaries, and literary work. Kafka was achievement oriented, reported many sadomasochistic fantasies, and had an anancastic (obsessive-compulsive) depressive personality. In addition there is evidence for a disturbed psychosexual and gender identity development. Our results concerning Kafka's psychopathology do not question his genius as a poet.
文中呈现了关于诗人弗兰兹·卡夫卡患有非典型神经性厌食症这一假说的证据。卡夫卡一生都身材苗条且体重偏轻，表现出一种苦行的态度，摒弃身体的享受和愉悦（禁食、素食主义、性禁欲、注重身体健康）。分析主要基于卡夫卡本人在信件、日记和文学作品中的描述。卡夫卡以成就为导向，报告了许多施虐受虐幻想，且具有强迫性（强迫-冲动）抑郁人格。此外，有证据表明其性心理和性别认同发展存在障碍。我们关于卡夫卡精神病理学的研究结果并不质疑他作为诗人的天赋。
