Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Front Immunol. 2018 Dec 19;9:3011. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03011. eCollection 2018.
The neonatal period represents a window of susceptibility for ruminants given the abundance of infectious challenges in their environment. Maternal transfer of immunity does not occur but post-parturition, however this does not compensate for potential deficits in the cellular compartment. Here we present a cellular and transcriptomic study to investigate if there is an age-related difference in the monocyte response in cattle during intra-cellular protozoan infection. We utilized , an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes abortion and negative economic impacts in cattle worldwide, to study these responses. We found neonatal animals had a significant greater percentage of CD14 monocytes with higher CD80 cell surface expression. Adult monocytes harbored more parasites compared to neonatal monocytes; additionally greater secretion of IL-1β was observed in neonates. Microarray analysis revealed neonates have 535 genes significantly upregulated compared to adult with 23 upregulated genes. Biological pathways involved in immune response were evaluated and both age groups showed changes in the upregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein and JAK-STAT cascade pathways. However, the extent to which these pathways were upregulated in neonates was much greater. Our findings suggest that neonates are more resistant to cellular invasion with protozoan parasites and that the magnitude of the responses is related to significant changes in the JAK-STAT network.
新生期是反刍动物易受感染的时期，因为它们所处的环境中存在大量感染性挑战。尽管母体可以传递免疫，但产后并不会发生这种情况，这并不能弥补细胞区室潜在的缺陷。在这里，我们进行了一项细胞和转录组学研究，以调查在细胞内原生动物感染期间，牛的单核细胞反应是否存在与年龄相关的差异。我们利用一种专性细胞内原生动物寄生虫，它会导致流产和全球牛的负面经济影响，来研究这些反应。我们发现新生动物的 CD14 单核细胞百分比明显更高，表面表达的 CD80 更高。与新生单核细胞相比，成年单核细胞中寄生的寄生虫更多;此外，在新生儿中观察到更多的 IL-1β 分泌。微阵列分析显示，与成年相比，新生有 535 个基因显著上调，有 23 个基因上调。评估了参与免疫反应的生物途径，两个年龄组都显示出酪氨酸磷酸化 STAT 蛋白和 JAK-STAT 级联途径上调的变化。然而，在新生儿中这些途径的上调程度要大得多。我们的研究结果表明，新生动物对原生动物寄生虫的细胞入侵更具抵抗力，而且反应的幅度与 JAK-STAT 网络的显著变化有关。
