Johnsson Martin
The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Front Genet. 2018 Dec 10;9:603. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00603. eCollection 2018.
Genomic scans for signatures of selection allow us to, in principle, detect variants and genes that underlie recent adaptations. By combining selection mapping with genetic mapping of traits known to be relevant to adaptation, we can simultaneously investigate whether genes and variants show signals of recent selection and whether they impact traits that have likely been selected. There are three ways to integrate selection mapping with genetic mapping or functional genomics: (1) To use genetic mapping data from other populations as a form of genome annotation. (2) To perform experimental evolution or artificial selection to be able to study selected variants when they segregate, either by performing genetic mapping before selection or by crossing the selected individuals to some reference population. (3) To perform a comparative study of related populations facing different selection regimes. This short review discusses these different ways of integrating selection mapping with genetic mapping and functional genomics, with examples of how each has been done.
对选择特征进行基因组扫描原则上能让我们检测到构成近期适应性基础的变异和基因。通过将选择图谱与已知与适应性相关的性状的遗传图谱相结合，我们可以同时研究基因和变异是否显示近期选择的信号，以及它们是否影响可能已被选择的性状。将选择图谱与遗传图谱或功能基因组学整合有三种方法：（1）将来自其他群体的遗传图谱数据用作一种基因组注释形式。（2）进行实验进化或人工选择，以便在选择的变异发生分离时对其进行研究，方法是在选择前进行遗传图谱分析，或者将选择的个体与某个参考群体杂交。（3）对面临不同选择机制的相关群体进行比较研究。本简短综述讨论了将选择图谱与遗传图谱和功能基因组学整合的这些不同方法，并举例说明了每种方法是如何实施的。
