Cimadamore Alessia, Cheng Monica, Santoni Matteo, Lopez-Beltran Antonio, Battelli Nicola, Massari Francesco, Galosi Andrea B, Scarpelli Marina, Montironi Rodolfo
Section of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, Ancona, Italy.
Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
Front Oncol. 2018 Dec 21;8:653. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00653. eCollection 2018.
The rising incidence rate of the cancer in the prostate gland has increased the demand for improved diagnostic, imaging, and therapeutic approaches. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), with folate hydrolase and carboxypeptidase and, internalization activities, is highly expressed in the epithelial cells of the prostate gland and is strongly upregulated in prostatic adenocarcinoma, with elevated expression correlating with, metastasis, progression, and androgen independence. Recently, PSMA has been an active target of investigation by several approaches, including the successful utilization of small molecule inhibitors, RNA aptamer conjugates, PSMA-based immunotherapy, and PSMA-targeted prodrug therapy. Future investigations of PSMA in prostate cancer (PCa) should focus in particular on its intracellular activities and functions. The objective of this contribution is to review the current role of PSMA as a marker for PCa diagnosis, imaging, and therapy.
前列腺癌发病率的上升增加了对改进诊断、成像和治疗方法的需求。前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSMA）具有叶酸水解酶和羧肽酶以及内化活性，在前列腺上皮细胞中高度表达，在前列腺腺癌中强烈上调，其表达升高与转移、进展和雄激素非依赖性相关。最近，PSMA已成为多种研究方法的活跃靶点，包括成功应用小分子抑制剂、RNA适配体偶联物、基于PSMA的免疫疗法和PSMA靶向前药疗法。未来对前列腺癌（PCa）中PSMA的研究应特别关注其细胞内活性和功能。本文的目的是综述PSMA作为PCa诊断、成像和治疗标志物的当前作用。
