Wang Qian, Chu Xinhui, Liu Jianfeng
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Aug;12(31):e01775. doi: 10.1002/advs.202501775. Epub 2025 Jul 16.
Radiotherapy (RT) is a mainstay therapeutic strategy for cancer; however, increasing radiation damage to tumor tissues while reducing the side effects on healthy tissues remains a great challenge. To address this issue, the use of biomaterials has proven promising. Recently, attention has been paid to peptide-based biomaterials as platforms for enhancing radiotherapeutic efficacy. This review explores peptide-based biomaterial-mediated tumor RT, including radiosensitizers and radiopharmaceuticals, with the aim of introducing emerging radiosensitive methods and RT strategies using radiopharmaceuticals. The advantages of peptide-based biomaterials, including controllable synthesis, good biocompatibility, targeting functions, and self-assembly performance, are introduced. These parameters must be considered in the rational design and optimization of peptide-based RT strategies. Peptide-based radiosensitizers are generally divided into three categories: peptides as direct radiosensitizers, peptides as carriers of radiosensitizers, and targeted-peptide-modified radiosensitizers. Peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals are known as peptide-radionuclide conjugates (PRCs) and are categorized according to their peptide targets. Details of PRCs used in clinical studies and US Food and Drug Administration-approved PRCs are also presented. Finally, challenges in the clinical translation of peptide-based biomaterials as RT tools are highlighted.
放射治疗（RT）是癌症的主要治疗策略；然而，在增加对肿瘤组织的辐射损伤的同时减少对健康组织的副作用仍然是一个巨大的挑战。为了解决这个问题，生物材料的应用已被证明具有前景。最近，基于肽的生物材料作为增强放射治疗效果的平台受到了关注。本综述探讨了基于肽的生物材料介导的肿瘤放射治疗，包括放射增敏剂和放射性药物，旨在介绍使用放射性药物的新兴放射敏感方法和放射治疗策略。介绍了基于肽的生物材料的优点，包括可控合成、良好的生物相容性、靶向功能和自组装性能。在基于肽的放射治疗策略的合理设计和优化中必须考虑这些参数。基于肽的放射增敏剂通常分为三类：作为直接放射增敏剂的肽、作为放射增敏剂载体的肽和靶向肽修饰的放射增敏剂。基于肽的放射性药物被称为肽-放射性核素偶联物（PRC），并根据其肽靶点进行分类。还介绍了临床研究中使用的PRC以及美国食品药品监督管理局批准的PRC的详细信息。最后，强调了基于肽的生物材料作为放射治疗工具在临床转化方面的挑战。
