Jima Fitala, Tatiparthi Ramanjireddy
School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 2018 Jul-Dec;39(2):91-97. doi: 10.4103/ijstd.IJSTD_37_17.
HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a major public health problem and a development predicament that affects all sectors, drastically affecting the health, economic, and reducing social life expectancy, deepening poverty, and contributing to and exacerbating food shortages. Strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen is essential to obtain the desired benefit and to avoid the emergence of drug resistance and clinical failure; therefore, this study is aimed to assess the antiretroviral (ARV) adherence among the HIV patients and suggesting them by possible ways for improving the adherence.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Batu Hospital, Batu town. The sample size was found to be 160, and systemic random sampling was used to collect data by providing a pretested structured questionnaire. The qualitative data were analyzed to identify the significance of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables.
A total of 160 patients was agreed to involve in our survey, 85.6% of patients were adherent by self-report. The main reason of nonadherence cited by the patients were; being away from home for some social reasons (33.4%), being too busy with other things (25.0%), simply forgot to take their ART (25.0%), developed toxicity or side effects (8.3%), having problems for fear of stigma and disclosure (8.3%), and (7.5%) of participants also shortage of ARV medications at hand because of some public holidays or weekends that coincide with date of appointments.
The self-report adherence rate was higher than that seen in developing countries. Programs and clinical efforts to improve medication taking in the study setups should strive to provide the regular follow-up for patients, increase patients' awareness of the side effects of ARVs and possible remedies, integrate medications better into patients' daily routines, improve patients' confidence, trust, and satisfaction with their caregivers, and teach patients to use memory aids.
艾滋病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征是一个重大的公共卫生问题和发展困境，影响到各个部门，严重影响健康、经济并缩短社会预期寿命，加剧贫困，导致并加剧粮食短缺。严格遵守抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）方案对于获得预期疗效以及避免出现耐药性和临床治疗失败至关重要；因此，本研究旨在评估艾滋病毒患者的抗逆转录病毒（ARV）依从性，并为他们提供提高依从性的可行方法。
在 Batu 镇的 Batu 医院进行了一项横断面研究。样本量为 160，通过提供预先测试的结构化问卷，采用系统随机抽样收集数据。对定性数据进行分析，以确定因变量和自变量之间关系的显著性。
共有 160 名患者同意参与我们的调查，自我报告显示 85.6%的患者依从治疗。患者提到的不依从的主要原因有：因某些社会原因离家（33.4%）、忙于其他事情（25.0%）、单纯忘记服用抗逆转录病毒药物（25.0%）、出现毒性或副作用（8.3%）、因担心耻辱和信息披露而有问题（8.3%），还有 7.5%的参与者由于某些公共假日或周末与预约日期重合，手头抗逆转录病毒药物短缺。
自我报告的依从率高于发展中国家。在本研究环境中改善服药情况的项目和临床努力应致力于为患者提供定期随访，提高患者对抗逆转录病毒药物副作用及可能补救措施的认识，更好地将药物融入患者日常生活，提高患者对护理人员的信心、信任和满意度，并教导患者使用记忆辅助工具。
