deToledo-Morrell L, Geinisman Y, Morrell F
Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612.
Neurobiol Aging. 1988 Sep-Dec;9(5-6):581-90. doi: 10.1016/s0197-4580(88)80117-9.
In this paper, we review the evidence indicating that the common disturbance in recent memory associated with aging is a consequence of functional and structural impairment in the hippocampal formation. In the Fischer 344 rat, an experimental model of the human age-related memory disorder was developed. The majority of aged rats of this strain show impaired performance in the 8-arm radial maze in a manner typical of young rats with bilateral hippocampal lesions. Aged animals also exhibit rapid decay of LTP and slower kindling of the perforant path-dentate synapse. Furthermore, quantitative morphometric analysis of the hippocampal synaptic architecture revealed that aged, memory-impaired rats had a specific loss of perforated axospinous synapses in the middle third of the dentate gyrus molecular layer; the extent of loss was directly related to the degree of memory dysfunction. Most important was the fact that the electrophysiological and morphological abnormalities did not appear in equally old animals with good memory.
在本文中，我们回顾了相关证据，这些证据表明与衰老相关的近期记忆常见障碍是海马结构功能和结构损伤的结果。在Fischer 344大鼠中，建立了人类年龄相关性记忆障碍的实验模型。该品系的大多数老年大鼠在八臂放射状迷宫中的表现受损，其方式与双侧海马损伤的年轻大鼠典型表现相同。老年动物还表现出长时程增强（LTP）的快速衰减以及穿通通路-齿状突触的缓慢点燃。此外，对海马突触结构的定量形态学分析表明，记忆受损的老年大鼠在齿状回分子层中三分之一区域的穿孔轴棘突触有特定缺失；缺失程度与记忆功能障碍程度直接相关。最重要的是，电生理和形态学异常在同样年老但记忆良好的动物中并未出现。
