Schöhl Stephanie, Hess Volker
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Thielallee 71, Berlin.
J Hist Med Allied Sci. 2019 Apr 1;74(2):145-166. doi: 10.1093/jhmas/jry044.
While the historical analysis of psychological trauma from warfare has been extensive, traumatic illness in East German psychiatric practice after the Second World War has drawn little attention. The dominant literature uses West German political and medical discourses as sources to investigate the relationship between traumatic experience and psychiatric illness. This paper instead draws from East German patient files from 1948 until 1956 to examine efforts at the Charité Hospital in Berlin to interpret the psychiatric illness of former prisoners of war (POWs). By examining Socialist Party discourse at the time, the paper argues that psychiatric explanations created parallels with political debates by foregrounding social readjustment difficulties as the cause of postwar illness. Against this background, the final section explores the way in which war imprisonment could constitute a challenge to the clinical restructuring of former POWs' patient histories. Using strategies of confabulation, POWs confronted the documentary negotiation between bodies and meaning, provoking ambivalence.
虽然对战时心理创伤的历史分析已经很广泛，但二战后东德精神病学实践中的创伤性疾病却很少受到关注。主流文献以西德的政治和医学话语为来源，研究创伤经历与精神疾病之间的关系。本文则借鉴了1948年至1956年东德的患者档案，考察了柏林夏里特医院对前战俘精神疾病的解读。通过审视当时社会主义党的话语，本文认为，精神病学解释通过将社会重新适应困难作为战后疾病的原因，与政治辩论形成了平行关系。在此背景下，最后一部分探讨了战争监禁对前战俘患者病史临床重构构成挑战的方式。通过虚构策略，战俘们面对了身体与意义之间的文献协商，引发了矛盾心理。
