Holst Ylva, Thorell Lisa B
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Appl Neuropsychol Adult. 2020 May-Jun;27(3):243-255. doi: 10.1080/23279095.2018.1532429. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
The aim of the present study was to investigate daily life functioning in adults with ADHD and adults with other psychiatric disorders and to compare ADHD subgroups with or without executive deficits. Daily life functioning was assessed using self-ratings covering the following domains: academic/occupational functioning, social relations, daily life problems, and criminality. Executive deficits were assessed using self-ratings and laboratory tests of working memory, inhibition, and shifting. The results showed that adults with ADHD were more impaired with regard to academic functioning, current occupational status, daily life functioning, criminality, and some aspects of social functioning. The ADHD subgroup with executive deficits had more impairments than the subgroup without executive deficits with regard to academic functioning, current occupational status, and criminality. Conclusively, ADHD in adulthood is related to significant impairment in many areas of daily functioning, also compared to patients with other psychiatric disorders. Executive functioning deficits appear to at least partly explain these impairments.
本研究的目的是调查患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的成年人以及患有其他精神疾病的成年人的日常生活功能，并比较有或没有执行功能缺陷的ADHD亚组。使用涵盖以下领域的自评来评估日常生活功能：学业/职业功能、社会关系、日常生活问题和犯罪行为。使用自评以及工作记忆、抑制和转换的实验室测试来评估执行功能缺陷。结果表明，患有ADHD的成年人在学业功能、当前职业状况、日常生活功能、犯罪行为以及社会功能的某些方面受损更严重。在学业功能、当前职业状况和犯罪行为方面，有执行功能缺陷的ADHD亚组比没有执行功能缺陷的亚组受损更严重。总之，成年期ADHD与日常功能的许多领域的显著损害有关，与患有其他精神疾病的患者相比也是如此。执行功能缺陷似乎至少部分解释了这些损害。
