Wang Yang-Yang, Li Fang-Fang, Wang Xiao-Yang, Yang Zhi-Hui, Han Ke, Ruan Xin-Ling
Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization of Henan Province, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China.
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2019 Jan 8;40(1):437-444. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201803031.
Surface farmland soil samples were collected from 135 different sites in a 64 km area around a lead and zinc smelter in Jiaozuo City, China. The concentration of the selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, V, and Co) was analyzed and the spatial distribution of these heavy metals in the farmland was determined using the kriging interpolation technique (ArcGis 10.1). The enrichment factor, potential ecological risk model, and potential health risk model were used to assess the contamination level and potential risk of heavy metals in farmland surface soil. The results show that the average contents of Cd, Pb, Cr, and Zn in farmland soil are higher than the background content of these metals in the Henan Province and the average content of Cd is 2.8 times higher than that of class Ⅱ of the environmental quality standard for soils in China (GB 15618-1995). The heavy metal contamination in the west of the study area is higher than that in the east and the soil around the lead and zinc smelter (within 3 km) is severely contaminated with Pb and Cd, which is consistent with the location of the industries causing the pollution. The enrichment factors show that the soil is severely contaminated with Cd; partial sampling points are seriously contaminated with Pb, Cu, and Zn; the Cr and Co pollution is small; and Ni and V are almost not affected by human activities. The results of the risk assessment indicate that Cd poses serious ecological and health risks, Pb and Cu pose serious ecological risks, and Cr poses a serious cancer risk.
在中国焦作市一家铅锌冶炼厂周围64平方公里区域内的135个不同地点采集了表层农田土壤样本。分析了所选重金属（铜、锌、铅、铬、镉、镍、钒和钴）的浓度，并使用克里金插值技术（ArcGis 10.1）确定了这些重金属在农田中的空间分布。采用富集因子、潜在生态风险模型和潜在健康风险模型评估农田表层土壤中重金属的污染水平和潜在风险。结果表明，农田土壤中镉、铅、铬和锌的平均含量高于河南省这些金属的背景含量，镉的平均含量比中国土壤环境质量标准（GB 15618-1995）二级标准高2.8倍。研究区域西部的重金属污染高于东部，铅锌冶炼厂周围（3公里范围内）的土壤受到铅和镉的严重污染，这与造成污染的工业位置一致。富集因子表明，土壤受到镉的严重污染；部分采样点受到铅、铜和锌的严重污染；铬和钴的污染较小；镍和钒几乎不受人类活动影响。风险评估结果表明，镉构成严重的生态和健康风险，铅和铜构成严重的生态风险，铬构成严重的致癌风险。
