a Neuromuscular Research Lab, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana , Universidade de Lisboa , Lisbon , Portugal.
b Kinesiolab, Instituto Piaget , Campus de , Almada , Portugal.
Ann Med. 2019;51(sup1):15-21. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2019.1566766.
The use of oral appliances to enhance sports performance has been advocated by some authors, however, studies addressing the effectiveness of these strategies are inconclusive. Here we investigate the effects of dental occlusions on shoulder strength. Fourteen healthy male subjects (age = 21.67 ± 0.86 years) without temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder participated in this study. Isokinetic strength was evaluated in shoulder abduction/adduction and arm external/internal rotation tests. Three randomised conditions were assessed: (1) occlusal splint (OS), which repositioned the TMJ in centric relation; (2) placebo splint (PS); and (3) no-splint (N). The strength tests were performed at a speed of 60°/sec in concentric mode. Muscle activity was measured by surface electromyography (EMG) in the main muscles engaged in the movements. Significant differences in peak torque between OS and both of the other experimental conditions were found in some of the analyzed variables. Moreover, there was significantly higher muscular EMG activation in the OS condition when compared to the other conditions for some of the tested muscles. These data suggest that splints may have a positive ergogenic effect on shoulder muscular strength in healthy male subjects. OS may provide an advantage for healthy subjects engaged in sports whereby shoulder and arm strength are important for performance. Key messages Occlusal splints in centric relation position have an ergogenic effect, by increasing strength and muscle activation on shoulder in healthy subjects. These results could have implications for sports or other physical activities were arm and shoulder strength are important.
一些作者提倡使用口腔器具来提高运动表现，但关于这些策略的有效性的研究尚无定论。在这里，我们研究了牙合干扰对肩部力量的影响。14 名健康男性受试者（年龄=21.67±0.86 岁），无颞下颌关节（TMJ）紊乱，参加了这项研究。在肩外展/内收和臂外旋/内旋测试中评估了等速力量。评估了三个随机条件：（1）牙合垫（OS），使 TMJ 重新定位在正中关系；（2）安慰剂牙合垫（PS）；（3）无牙合垫（N）。强度测试以 60°/秒的速度在同心模式下进行。通过表面肌电图（EMG）测量主要肌肉在运动中的肌肉活动。在一些分析变量中，OS 与其他两种实验条件之间的峰值扭矩存在显著差异。此外，与其他条件相比，在某些测试肌肉中，OS 条件下的肌肉 EMG 激活明显更高。这些数据表明，牙合垫可能对健康男性的肩部肌肉力量产生积极的增效作用。OS 可能为从事需要肩部和手臂力量的运动的健康受试者提供优势。关键信息在正中关系位置的牙合垫具有增效作用，通过增加健康受试者肩部的力量和肌肉激活。这些结果可能对需要手臂和肩部力量的运动或其他体育活动产生影响。
