Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Philosophy, University of Skövde.
Personal Disord. 2019 May;10(3):235-245. doi: 10.1037/per0000323. Epub 2019 Jan 10.
Machiavellianism is a psychological construct reflecting individual differences in manipulative and strategic thinking, pragmatic morality, and a cynical outlook on life. A recent stream of research has shown that Machiavellianism and psychopathy seem to be redundant constructs and that measures of Machiavellianism do not correspond well with theoretical expectations. In the present study, I juxtapose multiple measures of Machiavellianism against normal (i.e., the five-factor model and HEXACO) and abnormal (e.g., narcissism, psychopathy, impulsivity, and personality dysfunction) personality traits in an online sample (N = 591). Using Goldberg's (2006) Bass-Ackwards approach, I investigate whether typical Machiavellian traits can be found anywhere in the construct hierarchy by comparing the levels of the hierarchy with expert-rated five-factor model prototypes of Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and external correlates. Our results indicate that measures of Machiavellianism mostly reflect psychopathy and narcissism. The implications of these results are discussed, including what the future may hold for Machiavellianism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
马基雅维利主义是一种反映个体在操纵和策略思维、实用道德以及玩世不恭的人生观方面差异的心理结构。最近的一系列研究表明，马基雅维利主义和精神病态似乎是多余的结构，而且马基雅维利主义的衡量标准与理论预期并不相符。在本研究中，我在一个在线样本（N=591）中，将多种马基雅维利主义的衡量标准与正常（即五因素模型和 HEXACO）和异常（如自恋、精神病态、冲动和人格障碍）人格特质并列在一起。使用戈德堡（2006）的 Bass-Ackwards 方法，我通过将层次结构的水平与专家评定的马基雅维利主义、自恋、精神病态和外部相关性的五因素模型原型进行比较，来研究在结构层次中是否可以找到典型的马基雅维利主义特征。我们的结果表明，马基雅维利主义的衡量标准主要反映了精神病态和自恋。讨论了这些结果的意义，包括马基雅维利主义的未来可能会怎样。（APA，2019，所有权利保留）。
