Green ReJoyce, Bujarski Spencer, Lim Aaron C, Venegas Alexandra, Ray Lara A
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2019 Jun;27(3):257-264. doi: 10.1037/pha0000252. Epub 2019 Jan 10.
Naltrexone has been extensively studied for the treatment of alcohol use disorder. However, less is known about the effects of naltrexone on smoking outcomes in the context of alcohol use among East Asian individuals who have been suggested to differ in response to alcohol and to naltrexone. The present study is a secondary analysis that used a double-blind placebo-controlled design (n = 31) to examine the (a) effects of alcohol on basal craving for cigarettes, (b) effects of naltrexone on cigarette craving and alcohol craving during alcohol administration, and (c) relationship between craving for alcohol and cigarettes. Heavy drinking smokers of East Asian descent completed two counterbalanced intravenous alcohol administration sessions, one after taking naltrexone (50 mg) for five days and one after taking a placebo for five days. Self-reported subjective craving for cigarettes and for alcohol was recorded during each experimental session. Craving for cigarettes and alcohol increased significantly throughout the intravenous alcohol administration. A significant breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) × Medication interaction revealed that naltrexone blunted cigarette craving during alcohol administration, compared to placebo. Naltrexone significantly reduced craving for alcohol during alcohol administration in this group of heavy drinking smokers. Alcohol craving significantly predicted cigarette craving, however this effect did not vary across rising alcohol administration or by medication. These findings demonstrate that naltrexone reduces the urge to smoke and to drink during alcohol administration. Clinical studies are needed to further ascertain whether naltrexone may be of benefit to this distinct subgroup of heavy drinking smokers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
纳曲酮已被广泛研究用于治疗酒精使用障碍。然而，在东亚人群中，关于纳曲酮对饮酒情况下吸烟结果的影响了解较少，东亚人群被认为对酒精和纳曲酮的反应存在差异。本研究是一项二次分析，采用双盲安慰剂对照设计（n = 31），以检验：（a）酒精对香烟基础渴望的影响；（b）纳曲酮对饮酒期间香烟渴望和酒精渴望的影响；以及（c）酒精渴望与香烟渴望之间的关系。东亚裔重度饮酒吸烟者完成了两次平衡的静脉注射酒精疗程，一次是在服用纳曲酮（50毫克）五天后，另一次是在服用安慰剂五天后。在每个实验疗程中记录自我报告的对香烟和酒精的主观渴望。在静脉注射酒精过程中，对香烟和酒精的渴望显著增加。显著的呼气酒精浓度（BrAC）×药物相互作用表明，与安慰剂相比，纳曲酮在饮酒期间减弱了香烟渴望。在这组重度饮酒吸烟者中，纳曲酮在饮酒期间显著降低了对酒精的渴望。酒精渴望显著预测了香烟渴望，然而，这种效应在酒精注射量增加或药物使用方面并没有变化。这些发现表明，纳曲酮在饮酒期间减少了吸烟和饮酒的冲动。需要进行临床研究，以进一步确定纳曲酮是否可能对这一独特的重度饮酒吸烟者亚组有益。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
