College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science , Shaanxi Normal University , Xi'an , China.
Institute of Food Science and Technology , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan.
J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Feb 13;67(6):1666-1673. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06309. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
The extraction of phenolics from jujube peel (PJP) was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A Box-Behnken design was utilized to analyze the effects of NaOH concentration, temperature, and extraction time on the total phenolic content (TPC). The results showed that RSM could be an adequate approach for modeling the extraction of PJP. The optimal extraction condition for the highest TPC was obtained with 3.4 M NaOH concentration for 67 min at 50 °C. Not only PJP but also phenolics from the jujube seed (PJS) contain considerable amounts of phenolics, particularly flavonoids. Quercetin and galangin were found to be the predominant phenolics. PJP markedly down-regulated the levels iNOS and COX-2 proteins in macrophages by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB through interfering with the MAPK signaling pathways. Compared to PJS, PJP presented higher anti-inflammatory activities, reflecting increased amounts of TPC and total flavonoid content (TFC). These findings suggest that PJP could be a potential source of anti-inflammatory agents.
采用响应面法（RSM）优化了从枣皮中提取酚类物质的条件。利用 Box-Behnken 设计分析了 NaOH 浓度、温度和提取时间对总酚含量（TPC）的影响。结果表明，RSM 可以很好地对枣皮的提取过程进行建模。在 50°C 下，用 3.4 M NaOH 浓度提取 67 分钟，可获得 TPC 最高的最佳提取条件。不仅枣皮，枣核中的酚类物质（PJS）也含有相当数量的酚类物质，特别是类黄酮。槲皮素和根皮素被发现是主要的酚类物质。枣皮通过干扰 MAPK 信号通路抑制 NF-κB 的激活，显著下调巨噬细胞中 iNOS 和 COX-2 蛋白的水平。与 PJS 相比，PJP 表现出更高的抗炎活性，这反映出 TPC 和总黄酮含量（TFC）的增加。这些发现表明，枣皮可能是一种潜在的抗炎药物来源。
