Yakovenko Vira, Henn Laura, Bettendorf Markus, Zelinska Natalia, Soloviova Galyna, Hoffmann Georg F., Grulich-Henn Juergen
Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, University Children’s Hospital, Department of General Pediatrics, Heidelberg, Germany
Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Institute of Psychology, Magdeburg, Germany
J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2019 Sep 3;11(3):247-252. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2018.0157. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence are rapidly increasing and influenced by genetic, familial, environmental, socioeconomic and cultural factors. The aim of the study was to compare risk factors for childhood obesity in Ukraine (UA) and Germany (DE) using comparable investigative tools.
Two groups of children, aged 8 to 18 years, from DE (93 children) and UA (95 children) were divided into overweight and obese groups. Anthropometric data and detailed medical history were collected.
Risk factors in pregnancy (prematurity, weight gain >20 kg, early contractions) were equally frequent in both groups. Positive correlations of body mass index (BMI)-standard deviation score (SDS) between children and mothers were noted. The proportion of family members with diabetes mellitus was lower in the UA group. Obesity was more frequent at one year of age in DE children. The DE group also became overweight at an earlier age and remained overweight over a longer period of time compared to UA. The mean BMI-SDS of obese children was lower in the UA group. In both groups waist circumference to height ratio was >0.5, indicating presence of a cardiometabolic risk factor. About half of the patients in both groups had blood pressure values exceeding the 95 percentile.
Similar risk factors for obesity were observed among two groups of children in UA and DE. Differences were observed regarding the prevalence of specific risk factors for childhood obesity. Population-specific distribution of risk factors needs to be considered in order to optimize prevention and treatment strategies.
儿童和青少年超重及肥胖的患病率正在迅速上升，且受到遗传、家庭、环境、社会经济和文化因素的影响。本研究的目的是使用可比的调查工具比较乌克兰（UA）和德国（DE）儿童肥胖的危险因素。
将两组8至18岁的儿童，分别来自德国（93名儿童）和乌克兰（95名儿童），分为超重和肥胖组。收集人体测量数据和详细的病史。
两组妊娠期间的危险因素（早产、体重增加>20 kg、早期宫缩）出现频率相同。注意到儿童与母亲的体重指数（BMI）标准差评分（SDS）之间存在正相关。乌克兰组中患有糖尿病的家庭成员比例较低。德国儿童在1岁时肥胖更为常见。与乌克兰组相比，德国组在更早的年龄就超重，并且超重持续的时间更长。乌克兰组肥胖儿童的平均BMI-SDS较低。两组中约一半患者的血压值超过第95百分位数。
在乌克兰和德国的两组儿童中观察到相似的肥胖危险因素。在儿童肥胖的特定危险因素患病率方面存在差异。为了优化预防和治疗策略，需要考虑危险因素的人群特异性分布。
