Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Mar;26(7):6877-6889. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-04121-x. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
The presence of cacodylic acid (dimethylarsinic acid, DMA) can be an important factor in limiting the abilities of young tree seedlings to adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions. For this reason, the aim of the study was to estimate the influence of different DMA additions (from 0.01 to 0.6 mM) to modified Knop solution to arsenic (As) and selected forms of this metalloid (As(III), As(V), DMA) phytoextraction by two-year-old Acer platanoides L. and Tilia cordata Miller seedlings. Additionally, the biomass and other elements important in As transport in plants were analyzed. Seedlings of both tree species were able to grow in all experimental systems except the one with the highest DMA concentration (0.6 mM). Exposure of tree seedlings was related to a general decrease in plant biomass. Phytoextraction of As in roots, stems, and leaves increased with a rise of DMA concentration in solution to the highest content of As in A. platanoides and T. cordata roots growing under 0.3 mM (135 ± 13 and 116 ± 14 mg kg dry weight). Arsenic was accumulated mainly in roots, thereby confirming bioconcentration factor values BCF > 1 for all tree seedlings treated with DMA. Exposure of plants to low DMA concentrations (0.01 and 0.03 mM) was related to the transport of this element to aboveground parts, while increased DMA concentration in other experimental systems led to the limitation of As transport to stems, as confirmed by translocation factor values TF < 1. Changes in many other elements such as boron, silicon, phosphorus, or sulfur concentration indicated the possible influence of DMA on the transport of As from roots to leaves. The obtained results show that DMA can be an important factor in modulating As phytoextraction in the studied tree species.
二甲砷酸（二甲基胂酸，DMA）的存在可能是限制幼树适应不利环境条件能力的一个重要因素。出于这个原因，本研究的目的是评估不同 DMA 添加量（0.01 至 0.6 mM）对改良 Knop 溶液中砷（As）和该类金属（As(III)、As(V)、DMA）形态的植物提取的影响，供试树种为两年生的欧洲山毛榉和欧洲椴。此外，还分析了植物中砷转运的生物量和其他重要元素。除了 DMA 浓度最高（0.6 mM）的实验系统外，两种树种的幼苗都能在所有实验系统中生长。树幼苗的暴露与植物生物量普遍下降有关。随着溶液中 DMA 浓度的升高，根系、茎和叶中砷的提取量增加，在 0.3 mM 下，A. platanoides 和 T. cordata 根系中砷含量最高（135±13 和 116±14 mg 干重）。砷主要积累在根部，从而证实所有用 DMA 处理的树幼苗的生物浓缩因子值 BCF > 1。植物暴露于低浓度 DMA（0.01 和 0.03 mM）与该元素向地上部分的转运有关，而在其他实验系统中增加 DMA 浓度会导致 As 向茎部的转运受限，这一点可以通过迁移系数值 TF < 1 得到证实。硼、硅、磷或硫等许多其他元素浓度的变化表明 DMA 可能对 As 从根部向叶片的转运有影响。所得结果表明，DMA 可能是调节研究树种中 As 植物提取的一个重要因素。
