Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Eur J Heart Fail. 2019 Feb;21(2):208-217. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1364. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
Exercise-derived parameters, specifically peak exercise oxygen uptake (peak VO ) and minute ventilation/carbon dioxide relationship slope (VE/VCO slope), have a pivotal prognostic value in heart failure (HF). It is unknown how the prognostic threshold of peak VO and VE/VCO slope has changed over the last 20 years in parallel with HF prognosis improvement.
Data from 6083 HF patients (81% male, age 61 ± 13 years), enrolled in the MECKI score database between 1993 and 2015, were retrospectively analysed. By enrolment year, four groups were generated: group 1 1993-2000 (n = 440), group 2 2001-2005 (n = 1288), group 3 2006-2010 (n = 2368), and group 4 2011-2015 (n = 1987). We compared the 10-year survival of groups and analysed how the overall risk (cardiovascular death, urgent heart transplantation, or left ventricular assist device implantation) changed over time according to peak VO and VE/VCO slope and to major clinical and therapeutic variables. At 10 years, a progressively higher survival from group 1 to group 3 was observed, with no further improvement afterwards. A 20% risk for peak VO 15 mL/min/kg (95% confidence interval 16-13), 9 (11-8), 4 (4-2) and 5 (7-4) was observed in group 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, while the VE/VCO slope value for a 20% risk was 32 (37-29), 47 (51-43), 59 (64-55), and 57 (63-52), respectively.
Heart failure prognosis improved over time up to 2010 in a HF population followed by experienced centres. The peak VO and VE/VCO slope cut-offs identifying a definite risk progressively decreased and increased over time, respectively. The prognostic threshold of peak VO and VE/VCO slope must be updated whenever HF prognosis improves.
运动衍生参数,特别是最大运动摄氧量(peak VO )和分钟通气量/二氧化碳斜率(VE/VCO 斜率),在心力衰竭(HF)中有重要的预后价值。但目前尚不清楚,在过去的 20 年中,随着 HF 预后的改善,peak VO 和 VE/VCO 斜率的预后阈值是如何变化的。
回顾性分析了 1993 年至 2015 年间纳入 MECKI 评分数据库的 6083 例 HF 患者(81%为男性,年龄 61±13 岁)的数据。根据入组年份,将患者分为 4 组:第 1 组(1993-2000 年,n=440),第 2 组(2001-2005 年,n=1288),第 3 组(2006-2010 年,n=2368),第 4 组(2011-2015 年,n=1987)。我们比较了各组 10 年的生存率,并分析了随着时间的推移,peak VO 和 VE/VCO 斜率以及主要临床和治疗变量如何改变整体风险(心血管死亡、紧急心脏移植或左心室辅助装置植入)。在 10 年时,我们观察到从第 1 组到第 3 组的生存率逐渐提高,此后没有进一步改善。在第 1 组、第 2 组、第 3 组和第 4 组中,peak VO 15 mL/min/kg 的 20%风险分别为 16-13、9(11-8)、4(4-2)和 5(7-4),而 VE/VCO 斜率的 20%风险值分别为 32(37-29)、47(51-43)、59(64-55)和 57(63-52)。
HF 患者的预后在经验丰富的中心的治疗下,在 2010 年之前逐渐改善。识别明确风险的 peak VO 和 VE/VCO 斜率的截止值逐渐降低和增加。当 HF 预后改善时,peak VO 和 VE/VCO 斜率的预后阈值必须更新。