Zhou Ni, Wong Hai Ming, McGrath Colman
Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Pokfulam Hong Kong SAR, China.
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2019 May;32(3):657-665. doi: 10.1111/jar.12560. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
A visual-verbal integration model (VVIM) was used to train parents and their children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) to dispense a pea-sized amount of fluoridated toothpaste, aiming to balance the occurrence of dental caries and fluorosis.
Participants were 370 pairs of IDD preschool children and their parents. A two-phase pre-post-intervention study was performed. The weight of toothpaste was calculated by a portable electronic compact balance.
A quarter of parents and <20% children dispensed the appropriate amount at baseline. Almost 85% parents and 50% children achieved the pea-sized amount after intervention. Half of the children continued to use the recommended toothpaste amount after 6 months. Children with higher intellectual functioning and conceptual skills were more likely to dispense the pea-sized amount of toothpaste.
Visual-verbal integration model training had a desired impact on parents' toothpaste-dispensing performance. Children with higher adaptive skills may benefit from VVIM training.
采用视觉-言语整合模型（VVIM）对智障和发育障碍（IDD）儿童及其家长进行培训，以挤出豌豆大小剂量的含氟牙膏，旨在平衡龋齿和氟斑牙的发生率。
参与者为370对患有IDD的学龄前儿童及其家长。进行了一项两阶段的干预前后研究。牙膏重量通过便携式电子精密天平计算。
四分之一的家长和不到20%的儿童在基线时挤出了适量牙膏。干预后，近85%的家长和50%的儿童挤出了豌豆大小剂量的牙膏。6个月后，一半的儿童继续使用推荐剂量的牙膏。智力功能和概念技能较高的儿童更有可能挤出豌豆大小剂量的牙膏。
视觉-言语整合模型训练对家长挤出牙膏的表现产生了预期影响。适应技能较高的儿童可能从VVIM训练中受益。
