Dolińska Aleksandra, Wasielewska Zuzanna, Krogulska Aneta
Katedra i Klinika Pediatrii, Alergologii i Gastroenterologii, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Polska.
Dev Period Med. 2018;22(4):341-350. doi: 10.34763/devperiodmed.20182204.341350.
Introduction: In recent years there has been an increase in the incidence of new cases of inflammatory bowel disease in children, which is why research is underway to determine the likely predisposing factors for the disease. Aim of the study: To assess the prevalence of early risk factors in children with inflammatory bowel disease.
Methods: The study included 60 children with inflammatory bowel disease, aged 2-19 years. Diagnosis was based on the current criteria [ESPGHAN]. A validated self-construction questionnaire was one of the methods used. The control group comprises 60 children without inflammatory bowel disease.
Results: The analysis of the delivery route in the study group showed that 14 (23%) of the children were born via Caesarean section, and 46 (77%) by vaginal delivery. In the children born via C-section, the risk of Crohn's disease was insignificantly higher than in the control group. The average breastfeeding time in the study group was insignificantly shorter compared to the control group. Prematurity and exposure to nicotine smoke in the first year of life negligibly increased the risk of ulcerative colitis. The severe course of the disease affected almost half of the children exposed to antibiotics in the 1st year, but it was not a significant difference in comparison to children with a milder course of the disease.
Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the prevalence of early risk factors in children with inflammatory bowel disease compared to healthy children. The selection of factors that may affect the development of the disease requires further research.
引言：近年来儿童炎症性肠病新发病例的发病率有所上升，因此正在进行研究以确定该疾病可能的诱发因素。研究目的：评估炎症性肠病患儿早期危险因素的患病率。
方法：该研究纳入了60例年龄在2至19岁之间的炎症性肠病患儿。诊断基于当前标准[欧洲儿科胃肠病、肝病和营养学会（ESPGHAN）]。使用的方法之一是一份经过验证的自行编制的问卷。对照组由60例无炎症性肠病的儿童组成。
结果：研究组分娩方式分析显示，14名（23%）儿童通过剖宫产出生，46名（77%）通过阴道分娩。在剖宫产出生的儿童中，克罗恩病的风险略高于对照组。与对照组相比，研究组的平均母乳喂养时间略短。早产和出生后第一年接触尼古丁烟雾会轻微增加溃疡性结肠炎的风险。疾病的严重程度影响了第一年接触抗生素的近一半儿童，但与疾病病程较轻的儿童相比，差异并不显著。
结论：与健康儿童相比，炎症性肠病患儿早期危险因素的患病率没有显著差异。对可能影响该疾病发展的因素的选择需要进一步研究。
