Yan Jing, Liu Lin, Zhu Yun, Huang Guowei, Wang Peizhong Peter
Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St, John's, Newfoundland and Labrador A1B 3 V6, Canada.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Dec 13;14:1267. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1267.
The increase in childhood obesity is a serious public health concern. Several studies have indicated that breastfed children have a lower risk of childhood obesity than those who were not breastfed, while other studies have provided conflicting evidence. The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association between breastfeeding and the risk of childhood obesity.
The PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL Plus with Full Text databases were systematically searched from start date to 1st August 2014. Based on the meta-analysis, pooled adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. I2 statistic was used to evaluate the between-study heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Fail-safe N were used to assess publication bias and reliability of results, and results from both Egger test and Begg test were reported.
Twenty-five studies with a total of 226,508 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The studies' publication dates ranged from 1997 to 2014, and they examined the population of 12 countries. Results showed that breastfeeding was associated with a significantly reduced risk of obesity in children (AOR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.74, 0.81). Categorical analysis of 17 studies revealed a dose-response effect between breastfeeding duration and reduced risk of childhood obesity.
Results of our meta-analysis suggest that breastfeeding is a significant protective factor against obesity in children.
儿童肥胖率的上升是一个严重的公共卫生问题。多项研究表明，母乳喂养的儿童患儿童肥胖症的风险低于未母乳喂养的儿童，而其他研究则提供了相互矛盾的证据。本荟萃分析的目的是研究母乳喂养与儿童肥胖风险之间的关联。
对PubMed、EMBASE和CINAHL Plus全文数据库从起始日期到2014年8月1日进行系统检索。基于荟萃分析，计算合并调整优势比（AOR）和95%置信区间（CI）。I2统计量用于评估研究间的异质性。漏斗图和失效安全数用于评估发表偏倚和结果的可靠性，并报告Egger检验和Begg检验的结果。
本荟萃分析纳入了25项研究，共226,508名参与者。这些研究的发表日期从1997年到2014年，涉及12个国家的人群。结果显示，母乳喂养与儿童肥胖风险显著降低相关（AOR = 0.78；95% CI：0.74，0.81）。对17项研究的分类分析显示，母乳喂养持续时间与儿童肥胖风险降低之间存在剂量反应效应。
我们的荟萃分析结果表明，母乳喂养是预防儿童肥胖的一个重要保护因素。
