Lerche Veronika, Christmann Ursula, Voss Andreas
1 Psychologisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Germany.
Exp Psychol. 2018 Nov;65(6):370-384. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000422.
In experiments by Gibbs, Kushner, and Mills (1991) , sentences were supposedly either authored by poets or by a computer. Gibbs et al. (1991) concluded from their results that the assumed source of the text influences speed of processing, with a higher speed for metaphorical sentences in the Poet condition. However, the dependent variables used (e.g., mean RTs) do not allow clear conclusions regarding processing speed. It is also possible that participants had prior biases before the presentation of the stimuli. We conducted a conceptual replication and applied the diffusion model ( Ratcliff, 1978 ) to disentangle a possible effect on processing speed from a prior bias. Our results are in accordance with the interpretation by Gibbs et al. (1991) : The context information affected processing speed, not a priori decision settings. Additionally, analyses of model fit revealed that the diffusion model provided a good account of the data of this complex verbal task.
在吉布斯、库什纳和米尔斯（1991年）的实验中，句子据说要么是由诗人创作的，要么是由计算机创作的。吉布斯等人（1991年）从他们的结果中得出结论，文本的假定来源会影响处理速度，在诗人条件下隐喻句子的处理速度更高。然而，所使用的因变量（例如平均反应时）并不能就处理速度得出明确的结论。也有可能参与者在刺激呈现之前就有先入为主的偏见。我们进行了一次概念性重复，并应用扩散模型（拉特克利夫，1978年）来区分先入为主的偏见对处理速度可能产生的影响。我们的结果与吉布斯等人（1991年）的解释一致：上下文信息影响处理速度，而不是先验的决策设置。此外，模型拟合分析表明，扩散模型很好地解释了这项复杂语言任务的数据。
