Hills Andrew P, Farpour-Lambert Nathalie J, Byrne Nuala M
School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, TAS, Australia.
Obesity Prevention and Care Program "Contrepoids," Service of Therapeutic Education for Chronic Diseases, Department of Community Medicine, Primary Care and Emergency, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Pediatric Sports Medicine Consultation, Service of General Pediatrics, Department of Child and Adolescent, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2019 Jan-Feb;62(1):34-38. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.12.013. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
The built environment encompasses the major physical spaces, including buildings, streets, homes, schools, parks, playgrounds and other infrastructure in which we live, work and play. In an ideal world, the built environment should support and facilitate a healthy engagement in physical activity across the lifespan. However, in the context of an environment characterized by increased mechanization and urbanization, physical inactivity and higher levels of overweight and obesity, too many settings are not conducive to physical activity and/or are not safe and walkable. In the knowledge that there are multiple challenges to redress the low levels of physical activity seen in many parts of the world, this paper provides some examples of opportunities for healthy living (HL) in a built environment characteristic of an increasingly urbanized world. Particular foci include opportunities for HL fostered in child-friendly cities, in which walkability is high, and active transport is encouraged and supported.
建成环境包括主要的物理空间，包括我们生活、工作和娱乐的建筑物、街道、家庭、学校、公园、操场和其他基础设施。在理想情况下，建成环境应支持并促进人们在整个生命周期内积极参与体育活动。然而，在一个以机械化和城市化加剧、身体活动不足以及超重和肥胖水平较高为特征的环境中，太多的场所不利于进行体育活动，和/或不安全且不适合步行。鉴于纠正世界许多地区体育活动水平低下存在多重挑战，本文提供了一些在日益城市化的世界所特有的建成环境中实现健康生活（HL）的机会示例。特别关注的重点包括在儿童友好型城市中促进健康生活的机会，这些城市的步行便利性高，且鼓励并支持积极的交通方式。
