Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China.
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Apr 10;660:32-39. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.468. Epub 2019 Jan 3.
Although buffer zones around aquatic areas are a useful method for controlling non-point source pollution and restoring natural ecosystem services, proper delineation methods for lakes remain poorly defined, restricting their protection and the rational utilization of resources. As the width of lake buffer zones should be set to meet the area's functional targets and requirements, this study proposes a methodology for delineating these zones that includes critical source areas for non-point source pollution and ecologically sensitive areas. The proposed method was tested on Zhushan Bay, Lake Tai, China given its poor environmental condition and a renewed focus on mitigation by the local government. Data sources and relative processing methods include vector data on land use and hydrographic networks processed by ArcGIS, digital elevation model (DEM) data with 30 m resolution, soil and socioeconomic data from local governmental statistical yearbooks, NPS pollution load into lake obtained by literatures and field survey. The results showed that a minimum buffer range could be practically determined while meeting the requirements of both environmental protection and economic needs, providing a theoretical and practical basis for the improved delineation and management of lake buffer zones in watersheds dominated by non-point source pollution.
尽管水生区域缓冲区是控制非点源污染和恢复自然生态系统服务的一种有效方法，但湖泊的适当划定方法仍未得到明确界定，限制了其保护和资源的合理利用。由于湖泊缓冲区的宽度应根据功能目标和要求进行设置，因此本研究提出了一种划定缓冲区的方法，其中包括非点源污染的关键源区和生态敏感区。考虑到朱山湾地区环境条件较差，且当地政府对缓解措施重新予以关注，因此选择将该方法应用于中国太湖的朱山湾进行测试。数据源和相关处理方法包括：ArcGIS 处理的土地利用矢量数据和水文网络数据、分辨率为 30 米的数字高程模型 (DEM) 数据、来自地方政府统计年鉴的土壤和社会经济数据、通过文献和实地调查获得的 NPS 污染负荷进入湖泊的数据。结果表明，在满足环境保护和经济需求的要求下，可以实际确定最小缓冲区范围，为受非点源污染为主的流域的湖泊缓冲区的改进划定和管理提供了理论和实践基础。
