Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems & Watershed Ecohydrology, Nanchang Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330099, China; College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Mar 15;234:424-430. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.021. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
Rapid economic development has caused an increase in serious pollution problems due to the ever-increasing use of oil and its products, thus making oil pollution control an urgent task. Studies have shown that large amounts of bacterial-feeding nematodes are present in oil-contaminated soil; their function is as yet unclear. In this experiment, different densities of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were inoculated into artificially simulated oil-contaminated soil to examine their effects on microbial activity and the microbial community in oil-contaminated soil. Six treatments were investigated: sterilized oil-contaminated soil as control 1 (FSP), nematode-free soil as control 2 (S), oil-contaminated soil (SP), oil-contaminated soil + 5, 10 or 20 individual C. elegans per gram of dry soil (i.e., SPN5, SPN10, SPN20). Results showed that oil pollution significantly increased the soil basal respiration. However, C. elegans weakened the soil basal respiration to different degrees and soil microbial respiration entropy essentially changed in line with the soil basal respiration. Oil pollution and C. elegans boosted catalase activity in contaminated soil by approximately 64.2-145.1%. Soil urease activity of SPN5, SPN10 and SPN20 was 88.5%, 126.7% and 109.0% stronger, respectively, than that of SP. The inoculation of C. elegans changed the microbial phospholipid fatty acid content in the oil-contaminated soil, including soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, Gram-positive bacteria (G) and Gram-negative bacteria (G). Therefore, this research demonstrates that C. elegans can stimulate microbial reproduction in oil-contaminated soil, enhance related soil enzyme activities and regulate soil microbial community structure and diversity, thereby improving the contaminated soil environment and promoting oil degradation.
快速的经济发展导致了严重的污染问题，这是由于石油及其产品的使用不断增加，因此，控制石油污染成为当务之急。研究表明，在受油污染的土壤中有大量以细菌为食的线虫；它们的功能尚不清楚。在本实验中，将不同密度的秀丽隐杆线虫（C. elegans）接种到人工模拟的油污染土壤中，以研究它们对线虫在油污染土壤中的微生物活性和微生物群落的影响。研究了 6 种处理方法：作为对照 1（FSP）的灭菌含油污染土壤、作为对照 2（S）的无线虫土壤、含油污染土壤（SP）、含油污染土壤+每克干土 5、10 或 20 个秀丽隐杆线虫（即 SPN5、SPN10、SPN20）。结果表明，石油污染显著增加了土壤基础呼吸。然而，秀丽隐杆线虫在不同程度上削弱了土壤基础呼吸，土壤微生物呼吸熵基本与土壤基础呼吸一致。石油污染和秀丽隐杆线虫使污染土壤中的过氧化氢酶活性提高了约 64.2-145.1%。SPN5、SPN10 和 SPN20 的土壤脲酶活性分别比 SP 强 88.5%、126.7%和 109.0%。秀丽隐杆线虫的接种改变了污染土壤中微生物磷脂脂肪酸的含量，包括土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌、革兰氏阳性菌（G）和革兰氏阴性菌（G）。因此，本研究表明，秀丽隐杆线虫可以刺激油污染土壤中微生物的繁殖，增强相关土壤酶的活性，调节土壤微生物群落结构和多样性，从而改善污染土壤环境，促进石油降解。
