Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Institute, Bergen, Norway.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2019 Apr;40(3):192-199. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000642.
Infants born with gestation-related risks (low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and prematurely born infants) are faced with a cascade of developmental issues. The aim of this study was to investigate whether infants with gestation-related risks have different patterns of parent-reported sleep duration and nocturnal awakenings than children without these risk factors.
Information on sleep duration and nocturnal awakenings was obtained by parental report at age 6 and 18 months in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, which is a population-based longitudinal pregnancy cohort study conducted at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Birth weight and gestational age were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Outcomes were related to birth weight, prematurity, and to being born SGA.
A total of 75,531 mother-child dyads were included. Compared with children without gestational risks, children born SGA and with LBW had shorter sleep duration, whereas children born prematurely had longer sleep duration at both time points. The infants born SGA and with LBW, but not the prematurely born children, had fewer nocturnal awakenings at 6 months, but all had more awakenings at 18 months.
Infants with gestation-related risks show distinct sleep patterns. We suggest that sleep assessment is included in the follow-up of high-risk infants. Future studies are needed to investigate the predictive value and functional importance of the sleep patterns for infants with gestation-related risks.
有妊娠相关风险（低出生体重（LBW）、小于胎龄儿（SGA）和早产儿）的婴儿面临一系列发育问题。本研究旨在调查有妊娠相关风险的婴儿与无这些风险因素的儿童相比，其父母报告的睡眠时间和夜间觉醒是否存在不同模式。
在挪威公共卫生研究所进行的挪威母亲和儿童队列研究中，通过父母报告在 6 个月和 18 个月时获得睡眠持续时间和夜间觉醒的信息，这是一项基于人群的纵向妊娠队列研究。出生体重和胎龄从挪威医学出生登记处获得。结果与出生体重、早产和 SGA 出生有关。
共纳入 75531 对母婴对子。与无妊娠风险的儿童相比，SGA 出生和 LBW 出生的儿童睡眠时间更短，而早产出生的儿童在两个时间点的睡眠时间都更长。SGA 出生和 LBW 出生的婴儿，而非早产儿，在 6 个月时夜间觉醒次数较少，但在 18 个月时所有婴儿的夜间觉醒次数都更多。
有妊娠相关风险的婴儿表现出不同的睡眠模式。我们建议在对高危婴儿进行随访时纳入睡眠评估。需要进一步研究以调查与妊娠相关风险相关的婴儿的睡眠模式的预测价值和功能重要性。
