Paul Flechsig Institute of Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Germany.
Exp Eye Res. 2019 Apr;181:38-48. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.01.012. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
Mammalian retinal glial (Müller) cells are known to guide light through the inner retina to photoreceptors (Franze et al., 2007; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:8287-8292). It was shown that Müller cells transmit predominantly red-green and less violet-blue light (Labin et al., 2014; Nat Commun 5:4319). It is not known whether this optical function is reflected in the cone-to-Müller cell ratio. To determine this ratio in the retinas of mammals with different lifestyle, we evaluated the local densities of cones and Müller cells in the retinas of guinea pigs, rabbits, sheep, red deer, roe deer, domestic pigs, and wild boars. Retinal wholemounts were labeled with peanut agglutinin to mark cones and anti-vimentin antibodies to identify Müller cells. Wholemounts of guinea pig and rabbit retinas were also labeled with anti-S-opsin-antibodies. With the exceptions of guinea pig and pig retinas that had cone-to-Müller cell ratios of above one, the local densities of cones and Müller cells in the retinas of the species investigated were roughly equal. Because the proportion of S-cones is usually low (for example, 5.3% of all cones in the dorsal guinea pig retina expressed S-opsin), it is suggested that Müller cells are mainly coupled to M-cones. Exceptions are the ventral peripheries of guinea pig and rabbit retinas which are specialized areas with high S-cone densities. Here, up to 50% of Müller cells may be coupled to S-cones, and 40% of S-cones may be not coupled to Müller cells. Among the species investigated, the density of Müller cells in the central retina was inversely correlated with the axial length of the eyes. It is suggested that (with the exception of specialized S-cone areas) Müller cells support high acuity vision by predominant guidance of red-green light to M-opsin expressing cones.
哺乳动物视网膜神经胶质（Müller）细胞已知可将光引导通过内视网膜到达光感受器（Franze 等人，2007 年；Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104：8287-8292）。已经表明 Müller 细胞主要传递红-绿和较少的紫-蓝光（Labin 等人，2014 年；Nat Commun 5：4319）。尚不清楚这种光学功能是否反映在视锥细胞与 Müller 细胞的比例中。为了确定具有不同生活方式的哺乳动物的视网膜中的这种比例，我们评估了豚鼠、兔子、绵羊、马鹿、狍、家猪和野猪的视网膜中视锥细胞和 Müller 细胞的局部密度。用花生凝集素标记视网膜全层以标记视锥细胞，并使用抗波形蛋白抗体识别 Müller 细胞。豚鼠和兔视网膜的全层还标记有抗 S-opsin 抗体。除了豚鼠和猪视网膜的视锥细胞与 Müller 细胞的比例大于 1 之外，所研究物种的视网膜中的视锥细胞和 Müller 细胞的局部密度大致相等。由于 S-视锥细胞的比例通常较低（例如，在背侧豚鼠视网膜中，所有视锥细胞的 5.3％表达 S-opsin），因此推测 Müller 细胞主要与 M-视锥细胞相连。例外情况是豚鼠和兔视网膜的腹侧周边，这是具有高 S-视锥细胞密度的特殊区域。在这里，多达 50％的 Müller 细胞可能与 S-视锥细胞相连，而 40％的 S-视锥细胞可能不与 Müller 细胞相连。在所研究的物种中，中央视网膜中的 Müller 细胞密度与眼睛的眼轴长度成反比。有人提出（除了特殊的 S-视锥细胞区域外），Müller 细胞通过主要引导表达 M-opsin 的红-绿光来支持高分辨率视力。
