Carpi-Santos Raul, de Melo Reis Ricardo A, Gomes Flávia Carvalho Alcantara, Calaza Karin C
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Mar 23;11(4):617. doi: 10.3390/antiox11040617.
Diabetic retinopathy is a neurovascular complication of diabetes and the main cause of vision loss in adults. Glial cells have a key role in maintenance of central nervous system homeostasis. In the retina, the predominant element is the Müller cell, a specialized cell with radial morphology that spans all retinal layers and influences the function of the entire retinal circuitry. Müller cells provide metabolic support, regulation of extracellular composition, synaptic activity control, structural organization of the blood-retina barrier, antioxidant activity, and trophic support, among other roles. Therefore, impairments of Müller actions lead to retinal malfunctions. Accordingly, increasing evidence indicates that Müller cells are affected in diabetic retinopathy and may contribute to the severity of the disease. Here, we will survey recently described alterations in Müller cell functions and cellular events that contribute to diabetic retinopathy, especially related to oxidative stress and inflammation. This review sheds light on Müller cells as potential therapeutic targets of this disease.
糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病的一种神经血管并发症，也是成年人视力丧失的主要原因。神经胶质细胞在维持中枢神经系统稳态中起关键作用。在视网膜中，主要成分是穆勒细胞，它是一种具有放射状形态的特殊细胞，跨越所有视网膜层并影响整个视网膜回路的功能。穆勒细胞提供代谢支持、细胞外成分调节、突触活动控制、血视网膜屏障的结构组织、抗氧化活性和营养支持等多种作用。因此，穆勒细胞功能受损会导致视网膜功能障碍。相应地，越来越多的证据表明，穆勒细胞在糖尿病视网膜病变中受到影响，并可能导致疾病的严重程度。在此，我们将综述最近描述的穆勒细胞功能改变以及导致糖尿病视网膜病变的细胞事件，特别是与氧化应激和炎症相关的事件。这篇综述阐明了穆勒细胞作为该疾病潜在治疗靶点的情况。
