Kumar Amit, Dutt Dharm, Gautam Archana
Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Saharanpur 247 001, India.
J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2016 Jun;14(1):107-118. doi: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2016.06.004. Epub 2016 Jul 4.
The production of crop residues in India is estimated to be about 500-550 million tons annually. It is estimated that about 93 million tons of crop residues is burnt annually which is not only wastage of valuable biomass resources but pollution of the environment with the production of green house gases also. Among different low cost crop residues, black gram residue as the substrate produced maximal endoglucanase, FPase, and β-glucosidase activities from AKB-25 under solid-state fermentation. During optimisation of cultural parameters AKB-25 produced maximal endoglucanase (152.14 IU/gds), FPase (3.42 FPU/gds) and xylanase (2441.03 IU/gds) activities. The crude enzyme was found effective for the saccharification of pearl millet stover and bio-deinking of mixed office waste paper. The crude enzyme from AKB-25 produced maximum fermentable sugars of 546.91 mg/g from alkali-pretreated pearl millet stover by saccharification process at a dose of 15 FPU/g of substrate. Pulp brightness and deinking efficiency of mixed office waste paper improved by 4.6% and 25.01% respectively and mitigated dirt counts by 74.70% after bio-deinking. Physical strength properties like burst index, tensile index and double fold number were also improved during bio-deinking of mixed office waste paper.
据估计，印度每年的农作物残余物产量约为5亿至5.5亿吨。据估计，每年约有9300万吨农作物残余物被焚烧，这不仅是对宝贵生物质资源的浪费，还会因产生温室气体而污染环境。在不同的低成本农作物残余物中，黑豆残余物作为底物，在固态发酵条件下，AKB - 25产生的内切葡聚糖酶、滤纸酶和β - 葡萄糖苷酶活性最高。在优化培养参数过程中，AKB - 25产生的内切葡聚糖酶活性最高可达152.14 IU/gds，滤纸酶活性为3.42 FPU/gds，木聚糖酶活性为2441.03 IU/gds。发现该粗酶对珍珠粟秸秆糖化和混合办公废纸生物脱墨有效。AKB - 25产生的粗酶在以15 FPU/g底物的剂量进行糖化过程中，从碱预处理的珍珠粟秸秆中产生的最大可发酵糖为546.91 mg/g。混合办公废纸经生物脱墨后，纸浆亮度和脱墨效率分别提高了4.6%和25.01%，污垢计数减少了74.70%。在混合办公废纸生物脱墨过程中，诸如耐破指数、抗张指数和双折次数等物理强度性能也得到了改善。
